Presentation on the subject of "small arms". Weapons that led to victory Download presentation Weapons of victory
Slide 2
Story
In the weapons system of any army, small arms were and continue to be the most massive of all weapons. The issue of improving small arms in our country, especially in Soviet times, has been given and is receiving much attention. Domestic small arms withstood the test of the Great Patriotic War. The high combat qualities of Soviet weapons were recognized by all our opponents. For example, the fascist leadership even required its gunsmiths to exceed the rate of fire of the Soviet air machine gun. However, 1800 rounds per minute remained an unattainable goal for German designers.
Slide 3
Story
The most productive year for new designs was 1943 - the year of a radical change in the Great Patriotic War. Our army finally secured a strategic initiative in its hands. “Soviet weapons, created by Soviet designers, made by Soviet workers in Soviet factories, from Soviet material,” said Y. F. Pavlov, a participant in the Battle of Stalingrad, Hero of the Soviet Union, “are the best in the world. It is infinitely dear to the heart of every soldier of our army ... "
Slide 4
Revolver revolver system
An important feature of the revolver was the pushing before the shot of the drum with cartridges on the breech, which eliminated the breakthrough of powder gases between the barrel and the drum.
Slide 5
Maxim machine gun
Legendary weapons of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. After the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, the design of the machine gun was improved by Tula gunsmiths P. P. Tretyakov and I. A. Pastukhov.
Slide 6
Manual machine gun tar system
The RPD was the first Soviet serial machine gun under the new cartridge adopted in 1943, which occupied the position between the pistol and the rifle in power.
Slide 7
Simonov automatic rifle and self-loading rifle
When firing automatically from ABC, a blade bayonet was used as an additional support, which turned 90 ° with respect to the axis of the barrel. In 1938, the next competitive tests of self-loading rifles took place in the USSR, in which F.V. Tokarev's weapon won.
Slide 8
Submachine gun of the tar system and submachine gun of the Shpagin system
The PDP was an improved version of V. A. Degtyarev submachine guns of the 1934 and 1934/38 model. PPSh had a simple design and high reliability. This is the most massive example of automatic weapons during the Great Patriotic War.
Slide 9
Magazine rifle 1891/30 years
Created as a result of the modernization of the famous three-linear rifle S.I. Mosin of the 1891 model. In 1924-1927, significant changes were made to the three-ruler design, which resulted in the installation of a new sector sight, snap rings, a needle bayonet with a stronger spring latch and a simplified chamber.
Slide 10
Large-caliber machine gun of the tarry system - the sword
Being a powerful firearm of infantry, the DShK was intended to destroy air and lightly armored targets, machine-gun nests and anti-tank artillery of the enemy.
Slide 11
Rapid-fire machine gun of the Shpital and Komaritsky system
This machine gun was used on all pre-war combat aircraft and many machines during the Great Patriotic War. In terms of its rate of fire, ShKAS exceeded all foreign aviation machine guns.
Slide 13
Easel machine gun system goryunova
In May 1943, the SG-43 came to replace the machine gun of the Maxim system of the 1910 model. It was distinguished by the reliability of automation and was reliable in the most extreme battle conditions.
Slide 14
Dragunov system self-loading sniper rifle
Designed in 1958 - 1962. To hit targets, the rifle is equipped with a PSO-1 optical sight.
Slide 15
PM and APS
A feature of APS is its ability to shoot bursts. APS is much more efficient and reliable, for example, the German Mauser M-712 of 1932 model - a pistol of a similar class. PM is in service with officers of the Soviet Armed Forces as a weapon of self-defense. Compared to a pistol, the TT has a high rate of fire due to the use of a self-cocking trigger.
Slide 16
The presentation was made by students of the 10th “B” class: Dmitry Antonyuk and Ilya Dzurich
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Slide 1
Weapon of victory Large-scale fortress Tank T-34
The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank of the Great Patriotic War period, mass-produced since 1940, was the main tank of the Red Army until the first half of 1944, when it was replaced by a modification tank T-34-85. The most massive medium tank of World War II. Developed by the design bureau of the tank department of the Kharkov plant No. 183 under the leadership of M. I. Koshkin. The success of the project was predetermined by the use of the latest highly economical aircraft-type diesel engine: V-2, thanks to which the medium-thick-armored T-34 inherited from the light-thin-armored BT an unusually high specific power which ensured the absolute superiority of the T-34 tank during World War II maneuverability, mobility, as well as weight reserve for modernization, taking into account the accumulated experience of combat use. From 1942 to 1945, the main large-scale production of the T-34 was deployed at the powerful engineering plants of the Urals and Siberia, and continued in the postwar years. The latest modification (T-34-85) is in service with some countries to this day.
The T-34 tank had a huge impact on the outcome of the war and on the further development of world tank building. Due to the combination of its combat qualities, the T-34 was recognized by many experts and military experts as one of the best tanks of the Second World War.
Slide 2
The weapon of victory BM-13 Katyusha
BM-13 is a Soviet rocket artillery combat vehicle of the Great Patriotic War period, the most massive and famous Soviet combat vehicle (BM) of this class. In 1939-1941, it was created by the staff of the RNII I. I. Gvay, V. N. Galkovsky, A. P. Pavlenko, A. S. Popov. It is most widely known under the nickname "Katyusha". armament of some countries to this day. The weapon is relatively simple, consisting of rail guides and guidance devices. For aiming, rotary and lifting mechanisms and an artillery sight were provided. At the rear of the car were two jacks, providing greater stability when shooting. On one machine could accommodate from 14 to 48 rails. The body of the rocket (rocket) was a welded cylinder, divided into three compartments - the compartment of the warhead, the engine compartment (combustion chamber with fuel) and the jet nozzle.
The RS-132 projectile for the BM-13 was 0.8 meters long, 132 millimeters in diameter, and weighed 42.5 kg. Inside the plumage cylinder was solid nitrocellulose. The mass of the warhead is 22 kg. The explosive mass is 4.9 kg - "like six anti-tank grenades." Firing range - up to 8.5 km.
Slide 3
Victory weapon Maxim machine gun
In 1873, the American inventor Hiram Stevens Maxim (1840-1916) created the first model of automatic weapons - the Maxim machine gun. Automatic weapons based on automation with recoil of the barrel, which has a short stroke. As the shot is fired, the powder gases send the barrel back, setting in motion the reloading mechanism, extracting a cartridge from the fabric tape, sending it to the breech and at the same time cocking the bolt. After the shot is fired, the operation is repeated anew. The machine gun has an average rate of fire of 600 rounds per minute, and the combat rate of fire is 250-300 rounds per minute.
Maxim machine gun was actively used by the Red Army in the Great Patriotic War. Both infantry and mountain rifle units, as well as the fleet, used it. During the war, the fighting capabilities of Maxim were tried to increase not only by designers and manufacturers, but also directly in the troops. The soldiers often removed the bulletproof shells from the machine gun, thereby trying to increase maneuverability and achieve less noticeability. For camouflage, in addition to camouflage coloring, covers were put on the casing and shield of the machine gun. In winter, "Maxim" was installed on skis, sleds or on a drag boat, from which they fired.
Slide 4
Weapon of victory Flying tank Il-2 attack aircraft
Constructor: S.V. Ilyushin. Produced during the war years: more than 36,000 copies of the Il-2 attack aircraft developed at TsKB-57 under the leadership of Sergei Ilyushin. It was a machine specialized for attacking ground targets from low altitude. The main design feature is the use of the load-bearing armored hull, which covered the pilot and vital organs of the aircraft. The IL-2 armor not only protected from small-caliber shells and bullets, but also served as part of the power structure of the fuselage, due to which it was possible to achieve tangible mass savings. Until 1944, wood was widely used in the construction of the IL-2 - at the same time, scarce duralumin was saved .. Throughout the war, the "Il" remained the main means of fighting German tanks. Their high efficiency was achieved through the use of cartridges with PTAB-2.5 bombs. Tiny bombs (IL-2 took four containers with 48 bombs) were dropped in one gulp at a cluster of vehicles. PTAB armor-piercing was about 70 mm - this was more than enough to hit the tank in the roof. There is an opinion that success in the Battle of Kursk was achieved largely due to the actions of attack aircraft: the Germans began to avoid the accumulation of their troops, and it was much more difficult to coordinate the work of dispersed units. The Germans called the IL-2 "concrete bomber."
Slide 5
Weapon of victory "Explosive canned food"
One of the most ingenious and at the same time effective types of weapons was the hand grenade RG-42. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that structurally the grenade case was an ordinary tin can of slightly changed sizes. Only instead of condensed milk, a fragmentary shirt made of rolled up thick steel tape with a notch and an explosive charge fit into it. The fuse was a standard fuse UZRG, the production of which has already been put on stream. Production of RG-42 could be adjusted at any cannery. At the same time, the combat qualities of the grenade were not inferior to more complex and expensive counterparts. In China, an analogue of RG-42 is still being produced.
Slide 6
Weapon of Victory "Bandit Rapid Fire" PPSh submachine gun
Designer: G. S. Shpagin Produced during the war years: about 6 million copies. During the Second World War, submachine guns, automatic weapons that use a pistol cartridge, were widely used. Submachine guns appeared in the 1920s and quickly gained popularity due to their efficiency and convenience. Initially, the Soviet Union was against the adoption of submachine guns: Stalin considered them to be “bandit weapons”, unworthy of the Red Army. However, the experience of the Winter War of 1939/40 dramatically changed the attitude towards this type of weapon, and already in 1940 the submachine gun Degtyarev PPD was adopted. This weapon uses one of the simplest and most reliable automation schemes - a free shutter. The shot is as follows: the shooter moves the bolt to the rear position, thereby compressing the reciprocating spring. When you press the shutter, the spring pushes the bolt forward, at the same time sending the cartridge out of the magazine and pricking the capsule. An important advantage was the ease of disassembly and the ability to quickly replace any part.
Slide 7
Weapon of victory "Folk Artillery" Division gun ZIS-3
Constructor: V. G. Grabin. Produced during the war years: more than 103,000 copies. The ZIS-3 divisional cannon designed by Vasily Grabin became the most massive artillery during the war. Released in more than 103,000 copies, this gun has become a real masterpiece of manufacturability and reliability. Fire from the Hrabin cannon could be fired by any Soviet projectiles of 76.2 mm caliber, which greatly facilitated the supply of artillery batteries. It should be recognized that according to the combat characteristics of the ZIS-3 it was inferior to its foreign counterparts (in particular, the English 17-pound gun), but the Soviet gun was unparalleled in terms of convenience and unpretentiousness. Given the low level of training of divisional gunners and harsh operating conditions, this was a very valuable advantage - even serious repairs could be carried out by calculation forces.
Slide 8
Weapon of victory "Baby"
The project of mini-submarines to quickly strengthen the Pacific Fleet - the main feature of type M boats was the possibility of transportation by rail in fully assembled form. In the pursuit of compactness, many had to be sacrificed - the service at Malyutka turned into an exhausting and dangerous event. Difficult living conditions, a strong “chatter” - the waves ruthlessly threw a 200-ton “float”, risking breaking it into pieces. Shallow diving depth and weak weapons. But the main concern of the sailors was the reliability of the submarine - one shaft, one diesel engine, one electric motor - the tiny "Baby" did not leave a chance for a careless crew, the slightest malfunction on board threatened death for the submarine. Despite their modest size and only 2 torpedoes on board, the tiny fish were simply terrifying “gluttony”: in just the years of World War II, Soviet type M submarines sank 61 enemy ships with a total tonnage of 135.5 thousand gross tons, destroyed 10 warships, and also damaged 8 transports.
Mamurov Shahzodbek Shuhratjon ugli
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The weapon of our victories Special (correctional) school (VII form) No. 3 of the Petrogradsky district of St. Petersburg Completed by: Mamurov Shakhzod, student of the 9th grade Head: Ledeneva EA, teacher of history and social studies
The theme “The weapon of our victories” was not chosen by chance and is associated with historical events: the 400th anniversary of the expulsion of Polish invaders from Moscow by the militia led by Minin and Pozharsky, the 200th anniversary of the victory of Russian weapons over Napoleon’s army and the 70th anniversary of the Soviet counter-offensive near Moscow.
Get up, the country is huge, Get up to the mortal battle With dark fascist power, With a damned horde! V. Lebedev-Kumach
7.62-MM REVOLVER “NAGAN” Sample 1895. One of the most common types of personal weapons in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War was the 7.62-mm revolver Nagan, model 1895, which has proven itself over many decades of service Created by the Belgian gunsmith Emil Nagan back in the late 1880s, he possessed high combat and service-operational qualities, distinguished by reliability in action.
7.62-MM SHOP RIFLE ARR. 1891/30 GG. The problem of creating a domestic self-loading pistol manifested itself most seriously in the mid-twenties, when the Red Army began to lag behind the armed forces of many foreign countries in this regard. After a series of experimental work, the designers decided on the most important issue - a very powerful 7.62 mm pistol cartridge was chosen for the new domestic pistol, which was a copy of the German pistol cartridge 7.63x25 Mauser.
Mosin Rifle 7.62 mm (3-line) 1891 model rifle (Mosin rifle, three-ruler) is a magazine rifle adopted by the Russian Imperial Army in 1891. It was actively used in the period from 1891 to the end of World War II, during this period it was repeatedly modernized.
AUTOMATIC RIFLE SIMONOVA Automatic rifle of the 1936 model, ABC - Soviet automatic rifle developed by gunsmith Sergei Simonov. It was originally developed as a self-loading rifle, but in the course of improvements, the automatic fire mode was added for use in an emergency. The first Soviet model of weapons of this class, adopted. A total of 65,800 copies were produced. Some ABC-36 rifles were equipped with an optical sight on the bracket and were used as sniper rifles.
7.62-MM Tokarev self-loading rifle arr. 1940 (SVT-40) Along with a self-loading rifle, Tokarev developed on its base an automatic rifle mod. 1940 (AVT-40), produced in 1942. Its trigger mechanism allowed a single and continuous fire. The role of the translator of the type of fire was performed by a fuse. Shooting in short bursts was allowed only if there was a shortage of light machine guns during a tense battle. The rate of fire of the AVT-40 when firing single shots reached 20-25 rounds / min, in short bursts - 40-50 rounds / min, with continuous fire - 70-80 rounds / min.
7.62-MM GUN-MACHINE DEGTYAREV arr. 1940 G. (PPD-40) In 1934, the 7.62-mm Degtyarev submachine gun mod. 1934 (PPD-34). The new submachine gun designed by Degtyarev turned out to be quite simple and reliable in operation. In terms of combat characteristics and technical level, it was not inferior to similar foreign models. However, the misunderstanding of the importance of submachine guns by many leaders of the People’s Commissariat of Defense led to a narrowing of their functions to auxiliary weapons for law enforcement agencies.
MANUAL MACHINE DP (DEGTYAREVA INFANTRY) A machine gun developed by V. A. Degtyarev and adopted by the Red Army in 1927. DP became one of the first examples of small arms created in the USSR. The machine gun was massively used as the main weapon of fire support for the infantry of the platoon-company unit until the end of World War II. At the end of the war, the DP machine gun and its modernized version of the PDM, created from the experience of military operations in 1943-44, were withdrawn from service of the Soviet Army and were widely supplied to the countries friendly to the USSR.
7.62-MM SUDAYEV GUN-MACHINE ARR. 1943 G. (PPS) Sudaev developed his own submachine gun in 1942. After the modification, which eliminated the shortcomings identified in 1943, a new model was adopted for service, called "Submachine gun of the Sudaev system model 1943." (PPS-43), which had very high combat qualities and was highly technological. During its manufacture, more than in any other samples, stamping and welding were used, which ensured ease of manufacture and quick development at any small enterprises with low-power pressing equipment.
DT machine gun (DEGTYAREVA TANK) The DT tank machine gun entered service with the Red Army in 1929 under the designation "7.62-mm tank machine gun of the Degtyarev system arr. 1929 " (DT-29). It was essentially a modification of the 7.62 mm DP machine gun designed in 1927. The development of this modification was carried out by G. S. Shpagin, taking into account the peculiarities of the installation of a machine gun in the close fighting compartment of a tank or an armored car.
The submachine gun Degtyarev The first submachine gun, adopted by the Red Army. Degtyarev submachine gun was a fairly typical representative of the first generation of this type of weapon. Used in the Finnish campaign of 1939-40, as well as at the initial stage of World War II. The first work on the creation of submachine guns began in the USSR in the mid-1920s. On October 27, 1925, the Red Army Arms Commission provided for the desirability of arming with this type of weapon of the junior and middle command personnel.
Maxim machine gun Maxim machine gun of the 1910 model - an machine gun, a variant of the American Maxim machine gun that was widely used by the Russian and Soviet armies during the First World War and the Second World War. The Maxim machine gun was used to destroy open group live targets and enemy fire weapons at a distance of up to 1000 m. By 1899, the Maxim machine guns were converted to a caliber of 7.62 × 54 mm Russian Mosin rifle from 10.67 mm caliber Berdan rifle under the official name is “7.62 mm machine gun”.
In 1928, the headquarters of the Red Army raised the question of the need for a new machine gun to replace the Maxim system machine gun of the 1910 model, whose considerable mass and water cooling system did not comply with the principles of mobile warfare. In 1930, the well-known weapons designer Vasily Alekseevich Degtyarev, the creator of the DP machine gun adopted by the Red Army in 1927, began work on the creation of an easel machine gun. MACHINE MACHINE S-39
12.7 mm heavy machine gun Degtyarev-Shpagin arr. 1938 appeared as a result of the modernization of the large-caliber machine gun DK (Degtyarev Large-caliber). The development of the machine gun (DK) was engaged in the famous gunsmith V.A. Degtyarev. The machine gun was created, first of all, to combat air targets. LARGE MACHINE DSHK MACHINE
SG-43 TANK MACHINE The SG-43 tank machine gun was developed by the gunsmith P.M. Goryunovym complicity M.M. Goryunova and V.E. Voronkova at the Kovrov Mechanical Plant. Adopted on May 15, 1943. The SG-43 began to enter the troops in the second half of 1943. The SG-43 machine gun with an air barrel cooling system exceeded the Maxim machine gun in terms of performance characteristics. But the old "Maxim" continued to be produced until the end of the war at the Tula and Izhevsk factories, and until its completion, he was the main machine gun of the Red Army
ZIS-3 MILITARY WEAPONS ZIS-3 was created by using a durable and light mount from the ZIS-2 anti-tank gun and the F-22USV gun barrel, which had excellent ballistic characteristics and manufacturability. To absorb about 30-35% of the recoil energy, the barrel was equipped with a muzzle brake. In parallel with the design of the ZIS-3, the issues of its production were resolved, which, in comparison with the F-22USV, had 3 times less labor costs and one third less cost per gun.
MEDIUM T-28 T-28 T-28 tank was adopted by the Red Army in August 1933 and was produced at the Kirov plant in Leningrad until 1940. A feature of the T-28 was the presence of three rotating turrets with weapons. In the main tower, located in the middle part, a 76.2 mm CT-28 (or PS-3) gun and two DT machine guns were mounted. The tower could rotate 360 \u200b\u200bdegrees, while an electric drive could be used. In front of the main tower were two small towers with machine gun weapons. Each of these towers could fire in a sector of 220 degrees.
REJECTIVE Mortar “Katyusha” “Katyusha” is the unofficial collective name for the BM-8 (82 mm), BM-13 (132 mm), and BM-31 (310 mm) collective warhead artillery fighting vehicles. Such installations were actively used by the USSR during the Second World War. In 1937-1938, these missiles were adopted by the Air Force of the USSR. On each machine was a box of explosives and a Bickford cord. In the event of a risk of the capture of equipment by the enemy, the crew was obliged to blow it up and thereby destroy the reactive systems.
MEDIUM TANK T-34 The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank of the Great Patriotic War period, was mass-produced since 1940, and since 1944 it became the main medium tank of the USSR Red Army. Designed in Kharkov by a design bureau led by M. Koshkin The most massive medium tank of World War II.
Stormtrooper IL-2 The stormtrooper IL-2 was developed at TsKB-57 under the leadership of Sergey Ilyushin. It was a machine specialized for attacking ground targets from low altitude. The main design feature is the use of the load-bearing armored hull, which covered the pilot and vital organs of the aircraft. The IL-2 armor not only protected from small-caliber shells and bullets, but also served as part of the power structure of the fuselage, due to which it was possible to achieve tangible mass savings.
Despite the outward rudeness and simplicity, these types of weapons became the real weapons of our victory.
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Conference on the Battle of Stalingrad WEAPON VICTORY
OBJECTIVES: - to expand the understanding of the Great Patriotic War; - introduce the creators of Soviet weapons; - form a positive assessment of the contribution made by the rear workers to the trouble; -To instill a sense of respect and pride in their people, their country, and respect for older people; -to arouse interest in military equipment, the desire to strengthen the Armed Forces of the country; -to encourage the study of military history, to participate in patriotic actions and events.
Conference Plan Ι. Opening remarks. Ι Ι. Conference on the "Arms of Victory". 1. Weapons of infantry. 2. "The best tank of the second world." 3. "Katyusha" 4. "Attack aircraft," heavenly low-speed ", fighters. Ι Ι Ι. Forum "World War II or World War II?" Ι V. Final word. V. Summing up
1. Infantry Weapons Mosin Rifle. S. I. Mosin
1. Infantry weapons PPSh-41 submachine gun Georgy Shpagin
1. The weapon of the infantry "TT" - "Tula, Tokarev" TT pistol Tokarev F.V.
Hand anti-tank grenades - RPG RPG M.I. Bubble 1. Infantry weapons
RGD-33 F-1 1. Weapons of infantry M.G. Deacons
1. Infantry weapon "Degtyarev Infantry" Degtyarev light machine gun V. A. Degtyarev
1. Infantry weapons The optical sight had a 3.5-fold increase and aperture, which made it possible to conduct fire even at dusk and in moonlight. The aiming range of the 1940 rifle was 1,500 m; it weighed 4.4 kg. Sniper rifle
2. “The best tank of the Second World War” T-34 tank M.I. Koshkin
1943 the advanced T-34-85 entered service. 2. "The best tank of the second world"
"IP" stands for "Joseph Stalin." IS-2 IS-3 2. "The best tank of the second world"
The 85 mm gun of this tank pierced the “foreheads” of the German “tigers” from a distance of 1000 m. 2. “The best tank of the Second World War” KV-85
3. "Katyusha" BM-13 "Combat Vehicle-13" For one volley BM-13 fired 16 rockets at the enemy. Each shell weighed 42 kg, and they flew 8.5 km.
3. “Katyusha” Andrey Kostikov, the man whose name is forever written in the history of the Great Patriotic War, is the chief designer of the legendary Katyusha.
4. W turmoviks, "celestial slow-moving", fighters Stormtrooper IL-2. “Soldier Aircraft”, “Flying Tank” S. V. Ilyushin
4. Attack aircraft, "heavenly low-speed", fighters YAK-3 Yakovlev fighter
4. Attack aircraft, Fighter LA-5 Semen Alekseevich Lavochkin
4. Attack aircraft, “heavenly low movers”, fighters “heavenly low movers” - the so-called Po-2 aircraft. POLIKARPOV N.N.
Forum "World War II or the Great Patriotic War?" "1) In recent years, they have increasingly begun to call the Great Patriotic War - World War II. But those who survived the war, who fought, who worked in the rear, react very painfully to this replacement. How do you feel about such a substitution? 2) Is it possible to agree with those who claim that the USSR defeated Hitler with “bare hands”, only by number, not skill?
Forum "World War II or the Great Patriotic War?" 3) Russia is one of the leaders in the production of weapons. Is it good or bad? 4) How do you feel about military parades in which military equipment takes part? 5) Are there any children of war among your relatives? Have they had to work in military factories in the rear?
The weapons of Victory are tanks, planes, and the famous Katyusha. This weapon was created by engineers and scientists. But the rear workers embodied it in metal - and these were mainly old people, women, children. Day and night they became to their machines, suffered hunger, deprivation, lived on the principle: “Everything for the front, everything for victory!” And they contributed to the Victory, brought it closer every day as they could. It is in this spiritual power, in the unity of the people, that the main weapon that brought Victory to our country is concluded. The Great Patriotic War was a time of suffering, trials, but older people are proud of their era. CONCLUSION
SUMMING UP Whose story you remember today? What seemed to you the most amazing and incredible?
Slide captions:
Hand anti-tank grenades - RPG
RPG
M.I.
Bubble
1. Infantry weapons
1943 in service
entered
improved
T-34-85.
2. "The best tank of the second world
»
4. W
tourmovics,
«
heavenly slow moving ",
fighter jets
Attack aircraft IL-2
.
“Soldier Aircraft”, “Flying Tank”
S. V.
Ilyushin
GOALS:
-
expand the idea of \u200b\u200bthe Great
Patriotic
war
- introduce the creators of Soviet weapons;
- form a positive assessment of the contribution made to
By
trouble
rear workers;
-to nurture a sense of respect and pride in your people,
their country, respect for older people;
-wake
interest in military equipment, desire to strengthen
Armed forces of the country;
-to encourage the study of military history, to participate in patriotic
promotions and events.
4. Attack aircraft
"Celestial slows", fighters
"Heavenly slow-moving" - the so-called Po-2 aircraft.
POLIKARPOV
N. N.
1. Infantry weapons
“TT” - “Tula, Tokarev
»
TT gun
Tokarev F.V.
2
.«
The best tank of the second world
»
tank T-34
M.I.Koshkin
3. "Katyusha"
G
legendary designer
Katyusha
is an
Andrey Kostikov
,
a man whose name is forever in
written in history
Great Patriotic War.
SUMMARIZING
Whose story do you remember today?
What seemed to you the most amazing and incredible?
Conference
,
dedicated to the battle of Stalingrad
WEAPON VICTORY
3. "Katyusha"
BM-13 "Combat
car-13
»
For one
bM-13 salvo fired at the enemy 16
jet
shells. Each shell weighed 42 kg
,
and they flew 8.5 km.
4. Attack aircraft
"Celestial slows", fighters
Fighter
L
a-5
Semen Alekseevich Lavochkin
1. Infantry weapons
PPSh-41 submachine gun
Georgy Semenovich Shpagin
1. Infantry weapons
The optical sight had a 3.5x magnification and aperture
which is
made it possible to carry on
fire even at dusk and in moonlight.
Sighting range of a rifle
sample 1940 - 1500 m, she weighed 4.4 kg.
Sniper rifle
Victory weapons are tanks, planes, and famous
Katyusha. This weapon was created by engineers and scientists.
But the rear workers embodied it in metal - and these were,
mostly old people, women, children. Day and night
they became to their machines, endured hunger,
deprivation, lived by the principle:
“Everything for the front, everything for the victory!”
And they contributed to the victory,
every day brought her closer as they could.
It is in this
spiritual power, in the unity of the people
and concluded - that main weapon that brought
our country Victory. The Great Patriotic War
was a time of suffering, trials, but older people
generations are proud of their era.
CONCLUSION
1. Infantry weapons
Rifle
Mosin
.
S. And
.
Mosin
85mm cannon of this tank
pierced the "foreheads" of the German "tigers" from a distance of 1000 m.
2. "The best tank of the second world
»
KV-85
“The Second World War or the Great Patriotic War?” "
3) Russia is one of the leaders
in the production of weapons.
Is it good or bad?
4) How do you feel about military parades,
in which military equipment takes part?
5) Are there any children of war among your relatives?
Have they had to work in military factories in the rear?
1. Infantry weapons
«
Degtyarev
infantry
Degtyarev light machine gun
V.A. Degtyarev
4. Attack aircraft
"Heavenly slow moving",
fighter jets
Yak-3 fighter
Yakovlev
Plan
conferences
Ι
.Introduction.
Ι Ι
.
Conference on the "Arms of Victory".
1. Weapons of infantry.
2. "The best tank of the second world."
3. "Katyusha"
4. "Attack aircraft," heavenly low-speed ", fighters.
Ι Ι Ι
. Forum
"The Second World War or the Great Patriotic War?"
Ι
V
.
Final word.
V
.Summarizing
RGD-33
F-1
1. Infantry weapons
M.G. Deacons
"IP"
decipher
so: "Joseph Stalin."
IS-2
IS-3
2. "The best tank of the second world
»
Forum
"Second
world or Great Patriotic War? "
1)
In recent years, more and more they began to call
World War II - World War II.
But those who survived the war, who fought,
those who worked in the rear react very painfully to this replacement.
How do you feel about such a substitution?
2) Is it possible to agree with those who declare
then the USSR defeated Hitler with bare hands,
only by number, not skill?
WEAPON VICTORY »
Prepared by CL supervisor 11 M
Aleinikova A.G.
korocha 2015
Four students of the group are preparing reports on the best examples of Soviet weapons created during the Great Patriotic War.
OBJECTIVES: - to expand the understanding of the Great Patriotic War, to acquaint with the creators of Soviet weapons;
Form a positive assessment of the contribution that homeworkers made to the Victory, foster a sense of respect and pride for their people, their country, and respect for the older generation;
To arouse interest in military equipment, the desire to strengthen the Armed Forces of the country, to encourage the study of military history, to participate in patriotic actions and events.
PREPARATORY WORK:
to distribute performances among the students of the group;
prepare a slide film on the topic of the conference.
EQUIPMENT: computer, projector, screen.
Introduction.
Conference on the "Arms of Victory".
2.1. Weapons of infantry.
2.2. "The best tank of the second world."
2.3. Katyusha.
2.4. "Ishaki", attack aircraft, "celestial slow-moving."
III. Forum “World War II or the Great Patriotic War?” 3. Final word.
EVENT PROGRESS
1. Introduction
The most important, most beloved holiday in our country is approaching - Victory Day. May 9, 1945, 65 years ago, the legendary military parade was held on Red Square. It was a demonstration of unprecedented military power that the USSR was able to achieve during the years of World War II. In just 4 years under the conditions of the war, samples of the world's best weapons were created: rifles, grenades, tanks, planes, artillery mounts ... They were developed by our scientists and specialists, they were made at the factories by the home front workers, mainly women and children. Truly Great Patriotic War was this war.
According to the remarks by German generals, the Russian soldier was distinguished from the western by unpretentiousness, endurance, the ability to fight in the most severe conditions, and at the same time incredible reliability. These qualities were also distinguished by the weapons with which our soldiers won the victory.
Today's conference we dedicate to the weapons of Victory. The best small arms, the famous Katyusha, the “flying tanks” of the IL-2 attack aircraft, the most famous WWII tank, the T-34, were prepared by the guys about this legendary weapon. I give them the floor.
2. Conference on the “Arms of Victory”
Leading 1. I will talk about the S. I. Mosin rifle. (slide). Faithfully, she served our soldier from 1891 to the 1960s. almost 60 years. This rifle was called the "three-ruler." It was distinguished by high reliability and simplicity. Other rifles had 70 or more parts, while the Mosin rifle had only 42. Five rounds of ammunition were placed in the clip, they could be armor-piercing or incendiary. Aiming rifle hit 2 km. Such a rifle weighed 4 kg, its length was 1230 mm. In total, over the years of the war, screw Mosin produced 12 million.
Leading 2. Submachine gun PPSh-41. (slide). This wonderful weapon was created by the designer Georgy Semenovich Shpagin: “PPSh-41” means “Shpagin submachine gun of the 1941 model.” The Shpaginsky assault rifle faithfully served our infantrymen. It was possible to disassemble the PCA without a screwdriver - it does not have a single screw connection. The production of this submachine gun was even organized in ordinary, non-weapons factories. For example, at the Moscow Automobile Plant named after Over the years of the war, V.I. Stalin (ZIS) produced more than a million PCA, and in total almost 6 million of them were produced. Almost 6 times fewer automatic machines were assembled at all German plants during the same time. In military films usually show PCA with a disk store. The disk included 70 rounds. In the spring of 1944, they began to produce more convenient assault rifles - with a carob magazine for 35 rounds. It was possible to fire from a submachine gun with single shots, and bursts - up to 100 rounds / min. With an aiming range of 100 - 200 m. PPSh weighed 5 kg.
Leading 3. TT pistol. (slide). The development of pistols for the Red Army began in the late 1920s. After some time, they conducted tests at the shooting range. Three of our pistols, designed by Korovin, Prilutsky, Tokarev, and three foreign ones, the German Walther and Parabellum and the American Browning, were presented. The pistol of the Tokarev system was recognized as the best: it turned out to be the most reliable and compact. The name “TT” - “Tula, Tokarev” was assigned to this pistol. Our commanders went through the war with the TT. From the beginning of their production in 1933 until the mid-50s, more than 1.7 million guns were produced. Technical specifications of the TT: caliber - 7.62 mm, weight with clip - 940 g, clip capacity - 8 rounds, aiming range - 50 m, range of a bullet - up to 1,000 m.
Presenter 4. Hand anti-tank grenades - RPG. They were developed by designers M.I.Puzyrev, M.Z.Polevanov, L.B. Ioffe, N.S. Zhitkikh. They even pierced the 120-mm armor of the vaunted "tigers." Anti-tank grenades weighed a lot: from 700 g to 1.3 kg. A strong and trained soldier threw them at 15 - 20 m.
The hand-held defensive grenade RGD-33 was invented by the designer M. G. Dyakonov in 1933. When throwing from a shelter, a special cover (“shirt”) was put on the body of this grenade. This increased the radius of expansion of the fragments from 25 to 100 m, and the radius of their lethal action - from 5 to 25 m. During the explosion of a grenade with a “shirt”, up to 2,400 fragments were formed.
Very popular among the soldiers was the F-1 hand-held fragmentation grenade designed by F.I.Khrameev. Reliable and convenient, it exploded flawlessly when dropped on a solid surface, in dirt, snow or water. Many fragments hit the enemy within a radius of 200 m. Each infantryman tried to stock up a dozen such grenades before the battle. They weighed, like the RGD, 600 g, but in the throw they were more comfortable and flew 35 - 45 m.
Presenter 1. In the capable hands of a grenade is a formidable weapon. Here is just one example from the chronicle of the Great Patriotic War. Guard Lieutenant Orlov with seven fighters was surrounded. There was nothing to shoot - the cartridges ran out. The lieutenant ordered the soldiers to squeeze a grenade in their fist, raise their hands and go towards the enemy, as if surrendering. When the Germans were 20 meters away, the guards threw grenades. Many enemies died, and our soldiers broke through the encirclement and went to their own.
Lead 2. Light machine gun Degtyareva. There is such a thing - “machine gun survivability”. After making a certain number of shots, the weapon overheats, loses accuracy and fails. For light machine guns, the survivability of 10,000 shots was considered normal. Such an indicator was, for example, the best German "parking brake" MG-13. Now compare this figure with the one recorded in the “passport” of our DP machine gun, created by Vasily Alekseevich Degtyarev: 75 - 100,000 shots! DP (Degtyarev Infantry) in its fighting qualities was the best light machine gun from the Second World War. Here are his technical data: weight - 11.9 kg, magazine capacity - 47 rounds, practical rate of fire - 80 rounds / min., Firing range - 1,500 m. During the war years, factories fired more than a million of these machine guns.
Lead 3. Sniper rifles. Every fighter should shoot well, and the most apt ones are called snipers. This word came to us from the English language and means "marksman". In the Red Army, snipers were trained in special schools. There they were taught not only the ability to hit the target from the first shot, but also the art of camouflage and observation. The sniper weapon is a rifle with an optical sight. Our snipers fired from two types of rifles. Rifle sample 1891 - 1930 charged one cartridge, aiming hit 2 km. Another rifle - model 1940 - reloaded automatically. The shooter did not spend time reloading and could concentrate on observing the battlefield and finding the target. The store of this rifle included 10 rounds.
"THE BEST TANK OF THE SECOND WORLD"
1940 - 1,500 m, she weighed 4.4 kg.
Presenter 4. Easel machine gun "Maxim". It was invented in 1883 by the American engineer Hiram Maxim. "Maxims" were adopted by the armies of many countries. In 1910, Tula masters P.P. Tretyakov and I.A. Pastukhov improved this machine gun. Having made more than 200 changes in his design, they reduced the weight of the Maxim by 5 kg. Colonel of the Russian army A.A.Sokolov proposed to put the "Maxim" not on a tripod, like the Americans, but on a wheeled machine. The machine gun became more stable, and now it could be easily rolled during the battle from one position to another. The weight of the Maxim is solid - 66 kg, try to drag it, and here - the wheels, everything is simple. The Maxims of 1910 served well during the Civil War. They came in handy in the Great Patriotic War. It was a formidable and reliable weapon. Fueled by a ribbon of 250 rounds, the Maxim hit accurately at 2.5 km, firing up to 300 rounds per minute.
"THE BEST TANK OF THE SECOND WORLD"
Presenter 1. "The best tank of the Second World War" - the so-called Soviet tank T-34. (slide). This tank is rightly called legendary. He was much stronger than the German “tigers”, “panthers” and “ferdinands”. Even the fascist ideologist of tank war ”, the German general Guderian, recognized the superiority of Soviet tanks. The T-34 tank was created by the designers of the Kharkov Locomotive Plant under the leadership of Mikhail Ilyich Koshkin in the late 30s. The best tank for the entire war was not in any country. With a weight of 26 tons, the T-34 could reach speeds of up to 55 km / h, climb a hill at an angle of 30 degrees, drive 400 km without refueling. There were 4 people in the tank crew. They fired at the enemy from a powerful 76.2 mm gun and two machine guns. 45 mm thick armor protected against enemy bullets and shells of tankers.
Leading 2. In 1943, the advanced T-34-85 entered service. He weighed 32 tons already, his armor was thicker - 90 mm, and the gun was stronger - 85 mm. From a distance of half a kilometer she easily pierced 138-mm armor. But the most important thing is that its design was incredibly simple, so simple that it made it possible to make the most complex repairs in the field. The designers of the tank understood that not very competent mechanics would repair it, and not very skilled workers would produce it. Therefore, they tried to make all the main components and assemblies of the machine as accessible as possible. This played a decisive role during the war, when one tank could engage in battle several times - after the first damage it was repaired here and sent back to the battle.
Presenter 3. At the same time, structural simplicity made it possible to establish production of “thirty-fours” in incredible quantities. Shortly before encircling Paulus’s army near Stalingrad, Hitler was told that Russians could build up to a thousand tanks a month, but he called the informants liars, saying that no one could produce such an amount of armored vehicles. In fact, German analysts were really wrong - the Soviet industry at that time produced monthly 2,200 tanks, most of which were exactly the T-34. When all this armada went on the offensive, she was able to easily encircle the German army and prevent any attempts to break out of the Stalingrad boiler.
Presenter 4. At the decisive moment of the Battle of Kursk, when the famous tank battle near Prokhorovka took place on July 12, 1943, another advantage of this vehicle was manifested - its maneuverability and speed. On an enormous field near the village of Prokhorovka, about 1,200 tanks and self-propelled guns came together in an unprecedented battle.
A fierce battle lasted until late in the evening. Towers flew from the tanks, gun trunks and tracks were torn to pieces. Clouds of dust and smoke covered everything. Hundreds of “tigers”, “panthers” and “ferdinands” burned out on the Prokhorovsky field. Our troops went on the offensive and defeated almost 30 German divisions.
Leading 1. (reads). “The Soviet tank looked like a soldier, next to whom he fought - an unpretentious, hardy soldier, able to endure all the hardships of the war - long exhausting marches along roads and impassable roads, fierce cold winters and hot hot summers, a soldier capable of withstanding the most powerful blows of the enemy and then inflict even more terrible blows on him, knocking kilometer after kilometer to the west. These tanks fought on all fronts of World War II, stormed the city, forced rivers, broke through the defense. The steel avalanches of the “thirty-fours” in 1942 slammed the lid of the Stalingrad cauldron, in 1943 they stopped the German offensive near Kursk, poured out the German defense in 1944 on the Polish plains and, finally, in 1945 filled the streets of Berlin. In those years when it was possible to compare the advantages of various tanks visually, for some reason no one doubted that this tank was the best in the world. And the “thirty-four” column on the street of the German capital is the best confirmation of this ”- this is how the military historian describes this tank. During the war years, our plants produced 52,000 T-34 tanks and more than 21,000 T-34-85 tanks. In some countries, these machines officially remain in service until now.
Leading 2. But besides this tank there were also others. There was a family of heavy tanks IS-1, IS-2, IS-3. The letters "IP" are deciphered as follows: "Joseph Stalin." The heavy IS-2 is considered the most powerful tank of World War II. Here are its technical characteristics: the combat mass is 46 tons, the crew is 4 people, the armament is a 122 mm cannon and three machine guns of 7.62 mm caliber, the frontal armor is 100 mm, the hull is 120 mm, the engine power is 520 horsepower, speed - 40 km / h, cruising range - 180 km.
Leading 3. And the KV-1 heavy tank was named after the first letters of the name of Kliment Voroshilov, the exiled Minister of Defense. It was a real caterpillar fortress. A powerful engine of 500 horsepower allowed the 47-ton giant to develop a very good speed for heavy tanks - 35 km / h. Without refueling KV could pass 250 km, sweeping away everything in its path with a cannon (76.2 mm) and three machine guns. The crew (5 people) was protected from enemy bullets and shells by 95 mm armor. Following the KV-1 appeared KV-2, KV-1C, KV-85. Each of them had its advantages. On the KV-2, for example, instead of the 76.2-mm guns, a powerful 152-mm howitzer was placed, the shells of which carried the most durable concrete fortifications to smithereens. KV-1S was 5 tons lighter than KV-1 and could move at a speed of 43 km / h. This tank played an important role in the Battle of Stalingrad. The KV-85 had enhanced armor protection - up to 100 mm, and the 85-mm gun of this tank pierced the "foreheads" of the German "tigers" from a distance of 1,000 m.
Katyusha
Presenter 4. This guards jet mortar became the most terrible and formidable weapon of the Great Patriotic War. The first salvo of Katyusha was made by the baarea under the command of Captain Flerov in 1941 near Orsha. True, they were not called “Katyushas” right away. They were called BM-13 ("Fighting Vehicle-13"). But someone noticed that the machines had a factory brand in the form of the letter “k” - the installation was produced at the Moscow factory “Compressor” - and the name was born: “Katyusha”. And the song about Katyusha was then very popular.
Leading 1. For one volley BM-13 fired 16 rockets at the enemy. Each shell weighed 42 kg, and they flew 8.5 km. The Germans really wanted to get at least one "Katyusha", but during the whole war they did not succeed. But in many operations during the war artillery preparation was carried out by regiments and even brigades of Katyushas, \u200b\u200band this is more than a hundred vehicles, or more than 3,000 shells per salvo. What is 3,000 shells that plow trenches and fortifications in half a minute, probably no one can imagine ... No army in that war was able to provide such a fire. Traditionally, Katyushas completed the artillery attack: rocket launchers fired a salvo when the infantry was already on the attack. Often, after several volleys of “Katyusha” infantrymen entered a deserted village or into enemy positions without encountering any resistance.
Presenter 2. It is difficult to imagine what it means to be hit by Katyusha. According to those who survived such shelling, this was one of the worst experiences in the entire war. The sound that the rockets made during the flight, each describes in different ways - rattle, howl, roar. Be that as it may, in combination with subsequent explosions, during which for several seconds on an area of \u200b\u200bseveral hectares the land mixed with pieces of buildings, equipment, people flew into the air, this gave a very strong psychological effect. When the soldiers took up enemy positions, they were not met with fire, not because everyone was killed - just rocket fire drove the survivors crazy.
Presenter 3. Here are the lines from the memoirs of a German soldier. “Today at 8 o’clock in the morning the Russians opened deadly fire at our positions with guns, mortars and Katyushas. I have never experienced such horror in my life. It was as if a hurricane had thrown us to the bottom of the trenches. We lay afraid to raise our heads. Many soldiers went mad and banged their heads on the ground. It seemed to me that an earthquake was happening. "
Presenter 4. After the war, “Katyusha” began to be installed on pedestals - military vehicles turned into monuments. The history of our rocket artillery is closely intertwined with the names of Tsiolkovsky, Korolev, Glushko. But the main designer of the legendary Katyusha is considered Andrey Kostikov, a man whose name is forever inscribed in the history of the Great Patriotic War.
“ISHAKI”, STORMMARKERS, “CELESTIAL QUIETS”
Presenter 1. Attack aircraft IL-2. “Aircraft soldier”, “flying tank” - this is what the Soviet soldiers proudly called the Il-2 attack aircraft. Sergey Vladimirovich Ilyushin has been developing it since the mid 30s. In 1940, a single-seat aircraft was put into mass production, but by the beginning of the war, these attack aircraft were few in our aviation. Due to the increased reservation of the hull, the speed of the Il-2 did not exceed 415 km / h, and German fighters easily caught up with it. But the arrow, who would sit behind and repel their attacks, was not. This mistake was quickly corrected: in 1942, a double IL-2M appeared with two guns and three machine guns. The attack aircraft could also carry 600 kg of bombs and 8 rockets. No army in the world had such a plane. In 1943, even more powerful vehicles, the Il-10M, arrived at the front. They flew at a speed of 550 km / h and were armed with 5 guns. For that time it was a superweapon.
Leading 3. Among the military professions of the Great Patriotic War, the profession of an attack pilot was one of the most dangerous and terrible. They had to work in the most difficult conditions - over the battlefield, at low altitude, where the plane can be shot down even from a rifle. About how dangerous this profession was, one can judge at least by the following fact - at the beginning of the war, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded for only 30 sorties. Then, after 1943, this qualification was raised to 80 flights. As a rule, by the end of the war, not a single veteran remained in the assault aviation regiments, which began to fight in 1941 - their composition was completely changed.
Presenter 4. The fact is that the IL-2 was, without exaggeration, a “flying tank”. All the vital organs of the aircraft — the engine, cooling system, crew cabin and fuel tanks — were sheltered in an armored “bathtub” made of special aviation armor. This armor turned out to be so strong that at first, until the drills with diamond spraying were developed, the technological holes in it had to be cast - it was impossible to drill them after hardening. This made the IL-2 very tenacious - often the planes returned to the airfield with huge holes in the planes, often without half of the tail, but with a live crew. Many pilots did not die as a result of hostilities - they crashed because they flew at too low altitude in bad weather conditions. They, working at very low altitudes, could destroy targets with greater efficiency. There is a known case when only two attack aircraft destroyed three German echelons during a sudden raid on a railway station - with fuel, ammunition and equipment.
Leading 1. "Ishaki against the Nazis." In 1936, a fascist rebellion broke out in republican Spain, a 3-year civil war began. The Spanish fascists rushed to power in Spain, they were helped by the Nazis from Germany and Italy. Hitler sent the Condor aviation legion to Spain to test his new equipment in combat. But the Soviet donkeys defended the sky of Spain. "Ishak" was called the light, maneuverable fighter I-16, which was created in the design bureau of Nikolai Nikolayevich Polikarpov in 1933 and tested by the famous pilot Valery Chkalov. The I-16 flew at speeds of up to 490 km / h - very decent at the time, was armed with two machine guns and could take up to 500 kg of bombs. Pilots appreciated the I-16 not only for speed and maneuverability, but also for its amazing survivability. German and Italian planes caught fire and fell from a single mark of the machine gun fire, and our “donkey”, even the whole one riddled with bullets, reached its airfield. Our pilots nicknamed I-16 for endurance and unpretentiousness, and the Spaniards came up with their name for this fighter - “snub-nosed”.
Leading 2. Yak-3 fighter. In 1043, the Fokke-Wulf-190 German fighter-bomber appeared on the Eastern Front. It was a very serious car, one of the best in that war: speed - 660 km / h, ceiling - 10,500 m, 4 cannons, 2 machine guns. The Nazis hoped that the Focke-Wulf would help them regain the air superiority that they had at the beginning of the war. But very soon, the German command had to send their pilots an order: when meeting with the new Soviet fighter of the Yakovlev design, they had to evade the battle! The plane that the Nazis feared so much was the Yak-3, which entered our flight regiments in the spring of 1944. It was not inferior to German aircraft in speed and altitude, but it was easier than them and outplayed outright in a maneuverable battle. When the Normandy French squadron was formed on the territory of the Soviet Union, the pilots were asked which fighters they would like to fight on. Experienced pilots unanimously answered: “On the Yak-3!” By May 1945, Normandy pilots shot down almost 300 German planes, and after the Victory returned to their liberated Paris on their “yaks”.
Leading 4. “Heavenly slow-moving” - the so-called Po-2 aircraft. It was not intended for war at all. The designer Polikarpov created it in 1928. Cadets of flight schools could train on a light two-seater (until 1944 the plane was called 6 U-2 - “Training Double”). Po-2 could be a medical, agricultural, postal, sports aircraft. And during the war years he became a night bomber. The speed of the Po-2 is small - only 150 km / h, and unexpectedly this turned out to be its advantage. There were no helicopters then, and Po-2 did what they were capable of doing. Unobtrusively, at low altitude, sometimes even with the engine turned off, he "crept up" to enemy positions and, with accuracy unavailable to even the best bombers, dropped bombs - up to 300 kg.
Leading 1. The Germans called Po-2 “Russ-plywood” (it was made of wood) and were very afraid. It was difficult to bring down the "heavenly slow-moving" because of the difference in speeds, the fighters skipped past. And anti-aircraft gunners are used to shooting at planes that fly high, and in the unexpectedly appearing Po-2 they simply did not have time to aim.
Our soldiers came up with the affectionate nickname "corncracker" for this plane - it flew above the ground itself, not higher than corn. During the war years, Po-2 was used to perform various combat missions. He served not only as a light night bomber, but also as a reconnaissance aircraft, communications aircraft, medical orderly, and helped supply partisan detachments. In flight schools, nearly 100,000 cadets attended Po-2 training. In total, 2,000 different variants of aircraft were produced 40,000.
Lead 2. But not only tanks, Katyushas, \u200b\u200binfantry weapons, planes were weapons that forged Victory. We must not forget about those who worked in the rear. In many families, in addition to front-line soldiers, there were rear workers. Basically, these are women and children, adolescents. They worked in factories, on collective farms, and built defensive structures. It is in spiritual strength, in the unity of the people, that the main weapon that brought Victory to our country lies. A student of our group, Maria Anisimova, will tell about her great-grandmother. (student story).
III. Forum "Russia is one of the leaders in the production of weapons. Is it good or bad ?»
Classroom teacher. We listened to stories about the weapons that helped our people win the Victory in World War II. In recent years, they increasingly began to call the Great Patriotic War of the Second World War. But those who survived the war, who fought, who worked in the rear, react very painfully to this replacement. How do you feel about such a substitution?
(students speak out.)
Is it possible to agree with those who claim that the USSR defeated Hitler with “bare hands”, only by number, not skill?
(students speak out.)
Russia is one of the leaders in the production of weapons. Is it good or bad?
(students speak out.)
How do you feel about military parades in which military equipment takes part?
(students speak out.)
Children of war are now old age people, they often have to prove that they are also related to war. Do you think that they were correctly equated with the participants in the war?
Are there any children of war among your relatives? Have they had to work in military factories in the rear?
(students speak out.)
IV. Final word
Classroom teacher. The weapons of Victory are tanks, planes, and the famous Katyusha. This weapon was created by engineers and scientists. But the rear workers embodied it in metal - and these were mainly old people, women, children. Day and night they became to their machines, suffered hunger, deprivation, lived on the principle: “Everything for the front, everything for victory!” And they contributed to the Victory, brought it closer every day as they could. It is in this spiritual power, in the unity of the people, that the main weapon that brought Victory to our country lies. The Great Patriotic War was a time of suffering, trials, but older people are proud of their era.
V. Summary (reflection)
Classroom teacher. Whose story do you remember today? What seemed to you the most amazing and incredible?
