Which sea is more salty black or Mediterranean. The Atlantic Ocean is the salty ocean. The youngest and most beautiful

The main difference between the sea and the lake or any other large body of water is that it belongs to the global ocean, that is, through rivers and straits it (in this case is called the internal body of water) is connected to other water areas, which together make up a single space equal to two-thirds of the surface of the globe. The saltiest sea in the world is called Red. It belongs to the Indian Ocean and is the very interior, connected to the World Ocean by a strait and surrounded on all sides by land. While the Dead Sea does not have flowing rivers, it does not communicate with other water bodies, that is, it is not at all.

Very cool pickle

Since the most concentrated body of water (Dead Sea) on the planet with a salt content of 340 grams per 1 liter of water, with a global ocean index of 34 g, is not considered the most saline sea on Earth, it is simply a unique salinity object. This one-of-a-kind body of water formed at the site of a graben, or tectonic fault, which, millions of years after the tectonic plates parted, was filled with water. Much has been written about the fact that the territory of the “Arabian Sea” is located at a depth of 350-400 meters below the level of the World Ocean, that is, all of it, including the lowest point - 423 meters, is a depression, the deepest valley on our planet. The only river Jordan flows into the Dead Sea and nothing flows out. Being a lake, the Dead Sea is inferior to the red one, which belongs to the Indian Ocean, and is connected with it through the Bab el Mandeb ("Gate of Tears") strait that flows into the Gulf of Aden.

What determines salinity in the first place

As already noted, the saltiest sea in the world is the Red Sea, which, as it were, separates Africa from the Arabian Peninsula. In the north, thanks to the Suez Canal, it mixes its waters with the Mediterranean Sea, connected to the Atlantic Ocean. Except the Dead Sea. the lakes are both the Caspian and Baikal. But the first because of its enormous size, it is customary to call the sea, and Baikal is not called that way, except in the songs ("Glorious Sea - Holy Baikal"). The saltiest sea in the world is such for two reasons: the high temperature on the surface, which causes strong evaporation, and the lack of rivers, replenishing and diluting marine reserves with fresh water. Through a single source - the Gulf of Aden, or rather - through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, water flows twice less annually than it evaporates. There is almost no rain in this area - 100 ml per year.

The youngest and most beautiful

One can add to the most important feature characterizing the Red Sea that it is also the youngest on the planet - it is only 25 million years old. It was formed simultaneously with the East African Fault. In essence and form, the sea bed is a trough - a valley formed by the activity of glaciers. This is a trough, which has a U-shaped cross section, a wide bottom and rather steep sides, which, going to the coast, stretch from north to south almost parallel to each other. Also the most salty sea in the world is one of the most beautiful. This is the warmest sea on the planet. In a word, the sea is a record holder.

Causes of High Salinity

The water in it is well mixed, but in the sea there are areas of high salinity, where its concentration reaches 60 grams per liter. This is the Aqaba, or, as it is also called, Eilat, the gulf that separates the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. He himself is disconnected from the body of the sea by the shallow Tiran Strait. This narrow bay in dry years was much more likely to turn into a salt lake than the Red Sea itself. And this happened repeatedly over the course of 25 million years, the last time - 2.7 million years ago.

As a result of natural disasters, the sea level dropped to the bottom of the “bottleneck” - Bab-el-Mandeb Strait. This state of affairs has existed for a rather long time, and the water in the pond became, according to the assumptions of some scientists, almost the salt of the present waters of the Dead Sea. Then the World Ocean attached the sea to itself, and the salt concentration decreased. In the 60s of the last century, scientists discovered hollows with hot brine at the bottom of the Red Sea (salt content reaches 60 g per liter and increases by 0.3-0.7 g annually). It is very interesting that, according to the testimony of researchers who plunged to the bottom in special apparatuses, the brine does not mix with sea water, but lies in a separate mass. It contains a lot of different precious metals. The Red Sea is really unique, in many respects it is on the planet "the most."

Many variations of the name

The origin of the name is also interesting. There are several versions, each of which has a right to exist. For example, what is it named after the color of numerous red algae, which give this color to water. The ancient sailors saw it red because of the cliffs of that color reflected in it. Or it’s all to blame for the incorrect reading of the ancient Simit word, as if denoting the name of the people who lived here in time immemorial. In ancient Egypt, the desert located near the sea was called Ta-Desher (desher - "red").

One version claims that for some nations, the cardinal points were associated with flowers: east meant white, north meant black, and south meant red. According to this version, the Black Sea also means "northern", "dark", because in relation to the location of the most ancient civilizations, it really is located in cold countries. The salinity of the Black Sea is low - 18%.

Salinity of some seas

The freshest sea on Earth with a salt content in the depths of up to 1 gram per liter, and on the surface - up to 5, is the Baltic Sea. The saltiest sea in the world belongs to the Indian Ocean basin, the warmest of all. It is natural to assume that the waters of the waters located closer to the equator are more saturated with salt. For example, the salinity of the Aegean Sea is 37-39% and higher, the Mediterranean - 36-39.5%, the Ionian - 38%, etc. The Sargasso Sea located on the other side of the world is also quite salty - 37%.

The disappearing Aral Sea, which at one time was the 4th salinity body of water on the planet, is inappropriate to recall, since it is also a lake. The most saline seas in the world are located in one area of \u200b\u200bthe globe, at a distance of 300 km from each other. The dead (if in this particular case you forget that this is a lake), or, as it is also called, Asphalt, or Sodom, is between Israel, Jordan and Palestine.

Natural unique

You can talk about the Dead Sea endlessly because it is unique. As already noted, the lowest point on the planet - 423 meters below sea level - is located here. The sea was formed about 5000 years ago by breaking the earth's crust, due to which the shores of the salt lake still diverge. There is no life in it. This is an object of tourist pilgrimage. Dead Sea cosmetics is known all over the world. What can I say more? It is here that all the inhabitants of Sodom are turned into salt.

It is so concentrated that it drowns little. Photographs of people lying on the surface and reading the newspaper, you can see a lot. Millions of tourists claim that the most salty sea in the world is the Dead. It is difficult to argue with this, it is really very large, and many travelers do not delve into whether it is sewage or drainless, connected to the World Ocean or not. Fabulous, amazing and great. Its area is 1059 square meters. km For comparison: the most saline lake in Russia, Baskunchak (37 grams of salt per liter of water) occupies 106 square meters. km

The salty seas of Russia

The northern seas of Russia, located very far from the equator, are also quite concentrated. According to some sources, the percentage of salt in the Barents and Kara Seas is at the level of 34%, sometimes higher. But in most cases, the most saline sea of \u200b\u200bthe country is called Japan, although it has the same indicator. So not in Russia, with the total largest number of seas with a high content of this element, there is the most saline sea in the world. Kara is simply one of the most saline reservoirs in Russia.

Our planet is 70% covered with water, of which more than 96% is occupied by the oceans. This means that most of the water on Earth is salty. What is the salinity of the water? How is it determined and what depends on it? Is it possible to use such water in the household? Let's try to answer these questions.

What is the salinity of the water?

Most of the water on the planet has salinity. It is usually called seawater and is found in oceans, seas and some lakes. The rest is fresh, its amount on Earth is less than 4%. Before you figure out what salinity is, you need to understand what salt is.

Salts are complex substances that consist of cations (positively charged ions) of metals and anions (negatively charged ions) of acid bases. Lomonosov defined them as "fragile bodies that can dissolve in water." Many substances are dissolved in seawater. It contains sulfates, nitrates, phosphates, cations of sodium, magnesium, rubidium, potassium, etc. Together, these substances are defined as salts.

So what is the salinity of the water? This is the content of substances dissolved in it. It is measured in thousandths - ppm, which are indicated by a special symbol -% o. Per mille determines the number of grams in one kilogram of water.

What determines the salinity of water?

In different parts of the hydrosphere and even at different times of the year, the salinity of the water varies. It changes under the influence of several factors:

• evaporation;
• ice formation;
• precipitation;
• melting ice;
• river flow;
• currents.

When water evaporates from the surface of the oceans, salts remain and do not erode. As a result, their concentration rises. The freezing process has a similar effect. Glaciers contain the largest supply of fresh water on the planet. During their formation, the salinity of the oceans increases.

Melting glaciers are characterized by the opposite effect, reducing the salt content. Besides them, the source of fresh water is precipitation and rivers flowing into the ocean. The salt level also depends on the depth and nature of the currents.

Their greatest concentration on the surface. The closer to the bottom, the less salinity. affect the salt content in a positive way, cold, on the contrary, reduce it.

World Ocean Salinity

What is the salinity of seawater? We already know that it is far from the same in different parts of the planet. Its indicators depend on geographical latitudes, climatic features of the area, proximity of river objects, etc.

The average salinity of the oceans is 35 ppm. A lower concentration of substances is characterized by cold areas near the Arctic and Antarctic. Although in winter, when ice is formed, the amount of salts increases.

For the same reason, the least saline ocean is the Arctic Ocean (32% o). The highest content is noted in the Indian Ocean. It covers the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, as well as the southern tropical zone, where salinity is up to 36 ppm.

The Pacific and Atlantic oceans have approximately equal concentrations of substances. Their salinity decreases in the equatorial zone and rises in subtropical and tropical regions. Some are warm and balance each other. For example, the non-salted Gulf Stream and the salted Labrador in the Atlantic Ocean.

Salinity of lakes and seas

Most of the lakes on the planet are fresh, as they are mainly fed by rainfall. This does not mean that they have no salts at all, just their content is extremely small. If the amount of dissolved substances exceeds one ppm, then the lake is considered salty or mineral. The Caspian Sea has a record value (13% o). The largest fresh lake is Baikal.

The salt concentration depends on how the water leaves the lake. Fresh water bodies are flowing, while more saline ones are closed and subject to evaporation. The determining factor is also the rocks on which the lakes formed. So, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Canadian shield, rocks are poorly soluble in water, and therefore the reservoirs there are “clean”.

The seas are connected with the oceans through the straits. Their salinity is slightly different and affects the average values \u200b\u200bof ocean waters. So, the concentration of substances in the Mediterranean Sea is 39% o and is reflected in the Atlantic. The Red Sea with an indicator of 41% o strongly raises the average. The Dead Sea is the most salty, in it the concentration of substances is from 300 to 350% o.

Properties and value of sea water

Not suitable for business activities. It is not suitable for drinking or watering plants. However, many organisms have long adapted to life in it. Moreover, they are very sensitive to changes in the level of its salinity. Based on this, organisms are divided into freshwater and marine.

So, many animals and plants that live in the oceans cannot live in the fresh water of rivers and lakes. Extremely marine are edible mussels, crabs, jellyfish, dolphins, whales, sharks and other animals.

For drinking, a person uses fresh water. Salty is used for medicinal purposes. In small quantities, water with sea salt is used to restore the body. The therapeutic effect is bathing and bathing in sea water.

On Earth, there are about 73 seas. They are part of the oceans. All objects are divided according to various classifications. One of the criteria is the salinity of the water. Depending on this indicator, objects are divided into strongly and slightly salted. The salty sea in the world is established. It is the Red Sea. Several objects have a controversial status. They are not assigned to the seas, and according to a number of indicators they are salt lakes. This applies to the Dead and Aral Seas. The latter is almost completely dry.

In Russia, even water bodies that are part of the Arctic Ocean are characterized by a high content of sodium chloride. The territory of the Russian Federation is washed by one object in which the salt level exceeds similar indicators in other seas. It is located in the east of the country. This is the sea of \u200b\u200bJapan. The salinity of its waters ranges from 33.7% to 34.3%. This value is lower than in the waters of the oceans. But in fact it is the most salty sea in Russia. This object is part of the Pacific Ocean. It washes the territories not only of Russia, but also of Japan, as well as two Koreas.

In the Russian Federation there are lakes in which the salt concentration is regarded as very high. One of them is Bearish. This salt lake is an analogue of the Dead Sea in Russia. It is located in the Kurgan region. Bear is located in the interfluve of two reservoirs - Tobol and Ishim. The salt concentration in it reaches 360 g / l.

High mineralization values \u200b\u200bare also noted in lakes Elton and Baskunchak. The first is located in the Volgograd region, the second - in Astrakhan. In Elton, the average salt concentration is 279 g / l, and in places 500 g / l. In Baskunchak - 300 g / l.

Top 10 most saline seas in the world

The mineralization index in a separate object is determined based on the content of sodium chloride in a liter of water. Researchers continue to argue what the saltiest sea in the world is. A number of scientists classify some objects as lakes and do not consider them in a different status.

The list of the most salted seas in the world includes:

• Dead;
• Red;
• Mediterranean
• Aegean
• Ionian;
• Japanese
• Barentsovo;
• Laptev;
• Chukchi
• White.

Half of the objects from the list are washed by the coast of Russia. The status of the first on the list continues to be challenged.

The Dead Sea

This object is considered a closed lake in Israel, as well as Palestine and Jordan. The average level of minerals in the waters of the facility is 265 ppm. This value allows us to consider it one of the most saline lakes in the world. At the same time, it is not too large in size: length is 67 km and width is 18. The maximum depth value is 306 meters. The universally recognized largest salt lake in the world is the Caspian.

Red sea

This facility is located between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It acts as part of the Indian Ocean. Its area is 450 thousand km2. It has the status of the most salty on the planet.

The object is unique in that no rivers flow into it. There are 41 g of salts per liter of water. Even the open ocean contains only 34 g of minerals.  But the most saline lake in the world (Dead) is significantly higher than the Red Sea in terms of sodium chloride concentration. In the first, the salt level is 260-350 ppm, in the second - 41.

The Mediterranean

It is located between the African continent and Europe. Its area is 2.5 million km2. In some places, the depth exceeds 5 km. Included in the top 3 objects of the oceans by salinity. Its value ranges from 36-39.5%.

The Mediterranean Sea also has the status of the warmest. In the eastern part, it is able to warm up to 300C. Even in winter in its northern part, the water temperature does not drop below 80 ° C.

Video: The World's Saltiest Sea Red Sea

Aegean

It is semi-closed. It washes Turkey and Greece. It is considered one of the most salty. The mineralization of its waters is 37-39 ppm. In some places, the salt concentration reaches 40%. It is the oldest body of water on the planet. His age exceeds 20 thousand years.

Ionian

It is part of the Mediterranean, located between the Balkans and the Apennines and the islands of Sicily and Crete. Salinity reaches 38 ppm. This allows him to enter the top 5 objects of the oceans in terms of mineralization.

Japanese Sea

It is considered the most salty in Russia. The content of sodium chloride in it reaches 34.3 ppm. The area exceeds 1 thousand km2. The largest depth value of the object is 3.7 km. In the north, the pond is covered with ice.

The facility is part of the Arctic Ocean. They washed the coastal zones of Norway and the Russian Federation. The site in the southwest does not freeze due to the influence of the warm North Atlantic Current.

The salinity of the reservoir is uneven. Its highest values \u200b\u200bare noted in the southwestern part and amount to 35 ppm. Less mineralization is observed in the north - no higher than 33. The salinity of the object changes with changing seasons. In summer, in the coastal zone, it does not exceed 32 ppm, and in winter it rises to 34.5.

Laptev

Washes the northern part of Siberia. Its area is 672 thousand km2. The highest salinity indicator of the object in its northwestern zone. In winter, it reaches 34 ppm. In the south, salinity is much lower - no more than 25. In summer, the concentration of substances in sea water in the north drops to 32 ppm. In the south, it ranges from 5 to 10. High salinity is observed in the depths of the waters. There, its values \u200b\u200breach 33 ppm. The Laptev Sea is ranked among the most severe water bodies in the climate.

Chukchi

The facility is also part of the Arctic Ocean. It is located between Alaska and the Chukchi Peninsula. The salinity of the reservoir in the winter months ranges from 31 to 33 ppm. In summer, its value drops to 28-32. At a depth, mineralization increases. The pond has a harsh climate.

White Sea

The object washes the northern part of the European territory of Russia. Due to the significant influx of water from the rivers, it is characterized by relatively low salinity. Its value is 26 ppm. In deep waters, salinity rises to 31.

Features of flora and fauna

The animal and plant world of the most saline seas of the world is diverse. Almost completely lifeless Dead Sea. Neither fish, nor animals, nor plants live in it. Only higher mushrooms are adapted to high salinity.

The Red Sea is unique in its variety of corals. A large number of fish live there. Bottlenose dolphins, killer whales, green turtles, sharks and moray eels are also found.

Flora of the Mediterranean Sea is not very diverse. In its waters, various types of algae predominate. The animal world is represented by crayfish, turtles, stingrays, octopuses, crabs, squids, jellyfish and spiny lobsters. There are over 540 species of fish.

The flora of the Aegean and Ionian seas is identical to the vegetation of the Mediterranean. The fauna is diverse. The Aegean is rich in sponges, fish and octopuses, the Ionian - especially mackerel, flounder and tuna.

The fauna and flora of the Sea of \u200b\u200bJapan are heterogeneous. In the north, it is less diverse than in the south. Laminaria and sea anemones live there. The waters are rich in sea urchins and stars, scallops, shrimp. In May, crabs are found there.

Algae and plankton are common in the Barents Sea. About 20 species of commercial fish also inhabit. Kamchatka crab and shear crab are introduced there. Among mammals, seals, belugas, polar bears and seals are common. On the coast are numerous bird markets.

Flora and fauna of the Laptev Sea are not diverse. There are 39 types of fish. Common sardines, flounder and polar cod. Among mammals, seals, hares, walruses and seals are found. Several dozens of bird species live here.

In the Chukchi Sea, flora is scarce due to the severity of the climate. Of the animals, polar bears and walruses with seals are common. There are whales. The fish world is rich in polar cod and grayling.

How to measure the salinity of water

The basic unit of this indicator is ppm. It is understood as the amount of solid substances dissolved in a kilogram of sea water. Chemical analysis does not accurately measure the degree of mineralization of a liquid. Sea water is too complex in composition.  Its salinity is determined by the concentration of one of the elements of the composition, by electrical conductivity or by the value of refraction. Based on these methods, a salinity rating of the seas is compiled.

Video: Dead Sea. Israel

To summarize

The Dead Sea is considered the most mineralized sea in the world. A number of researchers rank it among the lakes, which allows us to consider the Red Sea to be the leader in the rating. In Russia, the saltiest sea is the Japanese Sea. The lake with the highest salinity is Medvezhye.

Five seas from the top 10 ranking are ranked as northern reservoirs. All of them wash the territory of the Russian Federation. The most meager in animal and plant life is the Dead Sea. In other objects, a wide variety of fauna is noted. The richest in flora is the Red Sea.

Reply from Natalya [guru]
According to personal feelings - the Mediterranean, more salty Aegean, the most salty - Red. Then - Dead. And% - it is necessary to search ...
Salinity is the amount of solids in grams dissolved in 1 kg of seawater, provided that all halogens are replaced with an equivalent amount of chlorine, all carbonates are converted to oxides, and organic matter is burnt.
Measured in "‰" ("ppm").
The average salinity of the world's oceans is 35 ‰. To calibrate the instruments, the so-called normal water with salinity close to 35 добы is extracted in the Bay of Biscay.
Baltic - 7-8
Azov - 12
Black - 16
Marble 26
Adriatic - 35-38
Aegean 37
Ligurian -38
Mediterranean (total) about 38 - 39.5
Red - 39-40
Dead 260-270
Source Wikipedia and:

Answer from Marina F[guru]
the Aegean sea
Salinity 37.0-39.00 / 00.
Mediterranean Sea
Large evaporation leads to a significant increase in salinity. Its values \u200b\u200bincrease from 3. to V. from 36 to - 39.5. The density of water on the surface varies from 1.023-1.027 g / cm³ in summer - to 1.027-1.029 g / cm³ in winter.
Red sea
Strong evaporation of warm water turned the Red Sea into one of the most saline on the globe: 38-42 grams of salts per liter. Salinity - 40-60 g / l. Salinity reaches - up to 40 ‰
The Dead Sea
The mineral content in water reaches 33%, an average of 28% (for comparison in the Mediterranean Sea - 4%).
Barents Sea
The salinity of the surface water layer in the open sea during the year is 34.7-35.0 ‰ in the south-west, 33.0-34.0 ‰ in the east, and 32.0-33.0 на in the north. In spring and summer, in the coastal strip of the sea, salinity drops to 30-32 ‰, by the end of winter it increases to 34.0-34.5 ‰.
Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov
The salinity of the sea before the regulation of the Don was three times less than the average salinity of the ocean. Its magnitude on the surface varied from 1 ppm at the mouth of the Don to 10.5 ppm in the central part of the sea and 11.5 ppm at the Kerch Strait. After the creation of the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric complex, the sea salinity began to increase (up to 13 ppm in the central part). Average seasonal fluctuations in salinity rarely reach 1-2 percent.
Davis Sea
Salinity is 33.0-33.5 ‰.
Baltic Sea
The salinity of the sea water decreases from the Danish straits connecting the Baltic Sea with the salty North, to the east. In the Danish Straits, salinity is 20 ppm at the sea surface and 30 ppm at the bottom. To the center of the sea, salinity decreases to 6-8 ppm at the sea surface, in the north of the Gulf of Bothnia it drops to 2-3 ppm, in the Gulf of Finland to 2 ppm. With depth, salinity increases, reaching 13 ppm in the center of the sea at the bottom.
White Sea
a large inflow of river waters and a slight exchange with the Barents Sea led to a relatively low salinity of the surface sea waters (26 ppm and lower). The salinity of deep waters is much higher - up to 31 ppm.
Conducted site monitoring! Fuh! You have Chocolate! !

From childhood we know that the water in the ocean is always salty. But which ocean is the most saline in the world? This is actually a pretty important scientific question. The study of the salinity of the waters of the oceans has been doing for a long time. Now it is precisely known which ocean on Earth is the most salty. It is the Atlantic Ocean, or, as it is called, the Atlantic. Consider its features.

What is the size of the Atlantic?

The Atlantic Ocean has an area exceeding 106.5 million square meters. km The depth of the Earth’s most saturated salt ocean exceeds 3600 meters. The water of the Atlantic Ocean has a salinity of about 35%, which is an order of magnitude higher than that of other oceans. An interesting feature was the uniform distribution of salinity. Moreover, he is the only one on the planet that only confirms his title as the most salty.

What explanation has high salinity

The high salinity of the Atlantic for several reasons. High salinity does not occur everywhere. Where the waters of the North Atlantic current flow, a lower level of salinity is recorded.

The Atlantic even has freshwater sources located underground. And this is one of the mysteries of the natural world, because water rises from the depths of the ocean.

What else are the salty oceans in the world

The most saline after the Atlantic is the Indian Ocean. In certain areas, he is even able to break the leader’s record. Total salinity is 34.8%.

The most salt-rich sections of the Indian Ocean are those where there is a minimum of rainfall per year. In winter, the Indian Ocean becomes less salty due to the monsoon flow, bringing fresh water. Near the equator, an area is formed where the Indian Ocean shows less salinity.

The largest ocean in the world (Pacific) is also rich in salt. The salt content of its waters exceeds 34%, and tropical regions can show salinity above 35.6%. The largest ocean in the world also has salinity above 30% in areas of melting glaciers.

The coldest - Arctic Arctic - has a salinity of 32%. A characteristic feature of this ocean was the reduced salinity of the upper layer. This is due to desalination of rivers and melting ice. The lower layer of the ocean is more salty, warm water with a high percentage of salt is featured here. It comes directly from the Greenland Sea. The deep layer of the Arctic Arctic has an average level of salinity compared to the third and second layers.

Interesting facts about the Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean used to have a variety of names. For example, the ancient Greeks spoke of him as "the sea beyond the Heracles pillars." It was also called the "sea of \u200b\u200bdarkness" and the Western Ocean. The most salted ocean of the planet got its present name only in the 16th century thanks to the cartographer Martin Waldsemueller. This man became famous not only for the description of the Alps, but for the first map of the geographical world, on which latitude and longitude were plotted.

It is difficult to say why such a name was given. There are many supporters who believe in the existence of Atlantis - a sunken continent, once located on the territory of the Atlantic Ocean. The basic version is based on the myth of the titan Atlanta, who held the sky on his shoulders.

Scientists all over the world consider the Gulf Stream its most important gift of the Atlantic. Thanks to it, it is possible to provide a huge energy production comparable to thousands of nuclear power plants. The high salinity of the Atlantic Ocean did not become a negative factor, the flora and fauna here is no less rich than in the Pacific Ocean.

What is the most saline sea in the world

You might think that since the Atlantic Ocean is the most saturated with salt on the planet, it is in it that one must look for the most saline sea. However, it is not.

Many believe that the Dead is the richest salt in the world. However, in fact, this title is assigned to the Red Sea, which is located in the Indian Ocean. Its salinity level exceeds 40%. Moreover, the reason for this level of salt content was a large amount of evaporating water. There is little rainfall in the territory adjacent to the most salty sea in the world, so there is really a lot of salt in it. Also, rivers do not flow into the Red Sea, but at the same time, what rich world of flora and fauna he has. The second place is occupied by the Mediterranean Sea, which has a salinity of about 39%. As for the previous case, the reason lies in the evaporation of moisture. The general list of the most saline seas in the world is as follows:

• Red;
• Mediterranean
• Black;
• Azov.

At the Black Sea, salinity reaches 18%. On the surface lies a layer enriched with oxygen. The depth is very salty and dense, practically does not contain oxygen. The Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov has an indicator of 11%, the northern part is the least saturated with salt, so with the onset of cold weather it easily freezes. A feature of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is the extremely uneven distribution of salt.

What is the most saline lake in the world

So we got to the Dead Sea, which is actually a lake, because it does not have access to the World Ocean.

The salinity of the Dead Sea exceeds 300%. Next to it is a medical resort, but as such animals in the saltiest lake in the world is missing. Note that the Dead Sea is considered the most popular among the most salt-rich lakes, but there are others:

• Assal;
• Baskunchak;
• Elton
• Don Juan;
• Big Salt Lake.

Ace Lake, for example, is located in Turkey. Large mines are located here, where a significant part of all the country's salt reserves is mined. At Lake Assal, which is located in Africa, the salinity index exceeds 300%, as well as at the Dead Sea. In Russia there is Lake Baskunchak, the salinity of which reaches 300%. Here, raw materials important for the food industry are also actively mined. The lake with the beautiful name Elton is also located in Russia, and its salinity is about 500%, but the average is only 300%. It is considered the largest salt lake in Europe. The presence of a high concentration of salt determines the non-freezing of lakes. However, such indicators are disastrous for the flora and fauna, so the most saline lakes on the planet simply do not have inhabitants. The Great Salt Lake of the United States of America was no exception. Thus, we can determine that not only the Dead Sea claims its title, scientists regularly argue about replacing it on this pedestal with Lake Don Juan, which is located in Antarctica. Its salinity exceeds 350%. A reasonable question may arise, which lake is the least salty? It became Russian Baikal, which has an indicator of 0.001%. Thanks to this and its purity, Baikal became famous as a lake with crystal clear water.

The value of the Atlantic Ocean

What is the significance of the saltiest ocean in the world? The Atlantic Ocean is an example of the maximum development of economic activity. Throughout its territory, shipping, oil, gas, fish and biological resources are developed. Many transoceanic routes, passenger transportation and large ports located on the coasts are vivid examples of economic development.

The value of the Atlantic Ocean to the world is associated with the presence of a huge base of mineral resources. Most, according to scientists, have already been explored. At the same time, the North and Caribbean Seas and the Bay of Biscay attract merchants seeking to develop new oil and gas fields. The Atlantic is incredibly important for countries such as Mexico, England, Norway. Its biological potential is very great. For a long period, the ocean was used to catch commercial fish, which led to the depletion of biological resources.

What are the problems of the Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic is part of the oceans, so its problems can affect the whole world. The waters of the Atlantic have long been polluted by man. Oil, plastic waste, non-degradable even for decades, constant fishing, fatal effects on the ecosystem as a whole. All this adversely affected the Atlantic, which is under serious threat.

The invention of the harpoon gun led to the mass extermination of whales, now there are regular debates on the resumption of the moratorium for countries around the world, but the International Whaling Commission actively opposes this, giving relief only for Denmark, Japan and Iceland.

The most terrible disaster for the Atlantic was the explosion and collapse of the Deepwater Horizon oil platform. About 5 million barrels of oil spread across the Atlantic, polluting over a thousand miles of coast. This incident shocked the whole world, led to massive lawsuits from fishermen who lost their important work. The proceedings lasted a very long time; some litigation has not yet been resolved. Meanwhile, the disaster killed more than 6,800 animals, among which were sea turtles, dolphins, and other mammals.

The Atlantic has its own large garbage spot, similar to the Pacific. It consists of plastic, located in the waters of the Sargasso Sea. The situation with radioactive contamination is even more complicated. The Atlantic received tons of waste from nuclear power plants; a number of research centers dumped radioactive waste into rivers and coastal waters. The depths of the Atlantic conceal so many dangerous chemicals that all of them can not be counted. The result of economic activity was the pollution of several seas, which include the Irish, Mediterranean, Northern and others. At the end of the last millennium, Atlantic waters received more than 5,000 tons of radioactive waste. For 30 years, the United States buried more than 14 thousand containers containing radioactive elements, which led to a high level of infection. The flooded ship, on board of which about 70 tons of sarin was stored, is also “buried” at the bottom of the Atlantic. Germany dumped 2,500 barrels containing industrial waste. 2 nuclear submarines were sunk by the Soviet Union.

The Atlantic is of particular importance for human activities and has many endangered ecosystems. The ocean needs careful handling and conservation, with the participation of all countries using its resources.