Mig 35 and f comparison. Military pensioners for Russia and its armed forces. The plane bearing the victory of Russia

Many Russian online media published notes that “flight tests of the new Russian Su-35 fighter showed that the aircraft surpasses its main foreign counterparts in its technical characteristics, including the French Rafale, Eurofighter Typhoon, as well as the American F-15 Eagle, F- 16 Fighting Falcon, F / A-18E / F Super Hornet and F-35 Lightning II. "

These and similar statements have appeared many, many times, but, apart from skepticism, they cause little.
   To begin with, the "comparison" is incorrect. According to the Russian classification, the Su-35, which is a modification of the Su-27 family, is a "heavy fighter", and according to NATO classification, it is a "fighter for gaining air superiority." This fighter class has the F-22 Raptor and the F-15 Eagle family of fighters. All other fighters listed are classified according to the Russian classification as “light” or “medium”, and according to the NATO classification they are classified as fighter-bomber or “multi-functional” fighters. If we compare Eurofighter, Rafali, F-16 Fighting Falcon and F / A-18E / F Super Hornet, then in the Russian nomenclature of the Air Force they are in the class of the MiG-29 fighter family. And the F-35 Lightning II cannot be included in this list at all, since it is not only of another class, but also of a different generation.

Speaking of disputes about what this very notorious "fifth generation" is.
   It is clear that, depending on the type of fighter, whether it is a "gaining superiority" fighter or a fighter-bomber, various requirements are imposed on its tactical and technical capabilities and tactics. Not a single weight, as they say.
   The tactics of using fighters of gaining superiority of the 4th generation required an overwhelming advantage in aerial combat at long and medium distances due to the best avionics and missile weapons, advantages in close air combat due to better maneuverability, controllability and cannon weapons. In addition, increased requirements for survival, that is, the ability to sustain serious damage during combat sorties, were imposed on 4th-generation fighters.
   According to such requirements, the F-15 Eagle was created in the 70s.

In 1982, the Air Force of the Israel Defense Forces were the first to use these aircraft in air battles and hit the whole world with their superiority. In the battle of the Bekaa Valley, the Israeli F-15 and F-16, in 3 days, from June 9 to 11, they shot down 76 (according to Israeli data) or 68 (according to Soviet data) Syrian MiGs and Sushki, without a single loss on their part . One Israeli F-15 was damaged, but returned to base, was repaired and returned to duty. This plane received the R-60 rocket directly into the nozzle of one engine, but the incorporated survival rate worked and the machine was able to return to its airfield.
   Also known is the case when the Israeli F-15, as a result of a collision with a Skyhawk fighter during an exercise, lost almost completely its right wing, but was nevertheless able to return to its base and land. Incredible plane!
   At a time when 4th-generation fighters were just beginning to “take wing,” serious success was achieved in the United States in the field of aircraft development using Stealth technologies — exactly one year before the battle over Bekaa, the F-117 Nighthawk made its first flight. When military theorists became convinced of the advantages of stealth, the idea was naturally born to combine the highest combat capabilities of 4th generation fighters with stealth technology. So the concept of the 5th generation fighter appeared. In May 1981, the Pentagon asked aircraft manufacturers to request Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF). Five years later, in 1986, Lockheed Martin YF-22 and Northrop Grumann YF-23 projects reached the final of the competition. Both aircraft combined the advanced capabilities of the F-15 with stealth, no worse than the F-117.
   Four years later, on August 27, 1990, the Northropovsky YF-23 took off for the first time, and a month later the Lokhidovsky YF-22. The final victory in the competition was won by Lockheed's project and on September 7, 1997, the first flight instance of the Raptor F-22 made its first flight.

   8 years of testing and the very first "tests" in the exercises showed that the tactics of application will have to be urgently and completely rethought. The inertia of the thinking of military theorists led to “redundant” opportunities that were not used in the new tactics. Such "excess" characteristics had to include super maneuverability.
The stealth of a fighter of gaining superiority in the air of the 5th generation allows it not to engage in battle at close and medium distances with enemy fighters, and the appearance of rocket weapons of all kinds of applications made maneuverability an insignificant factor. At the same time, the use of the controlled thrust vector significantly complicated the design of the aircraft and the software of the on-board computers, plus it made the aircraft much more expensive.

The tactics of using the F-22 are to barrage at a very high altitude (18-22 km) and at supersonic speed (cruising supersonic) outside the detection radius by air and ground means of detecting the enemy. At the same time, thanks to a very powerful radar with AFAR, which is very difficult to detect with passive radar, as well as network capabilities and powerful missile armament, the F-22 is capable of guaranteed to hit enemy fighters without coming into contact with them. Briefly, the concept is expressed by the phrase "first saw - first shot down."
   Over-maneuverability remained "out of work".

The error with over-maneuverability was taken into account when designing the second 5th generation fighter. This time designed a fighter-bomber.
   It is clear that the requirements for an aircraft that is more "sharpened" to work against enemy targets on the surface than to shoot down enemy fighters should be completely different than for a "fighter fighter." The tactics of use are different, the required characteristics are also different.
   Super maneuverability was replaced by a spherical information awareness of a very large radius and all-angle missile weapons. There are no questions with this. To "land on a tail" to such a fighter is just as deadly dangerous as to have it on its tail.
   But does this fighter need cruising supersonic? What speed does he need in fulfilling the main tasks - supporting troops and destroying enemy air defense systems? It turns out that the optimal speed does not exceed 800-900 km / h. So it was built, with a cruising speed of 850 km / h.

The purpose of stealth in the F-35 is also different. F-22 is inconspicuous in order to shoot down enemy fighters from large distances, while remaining invisible, and F-35 inconspicuousness is mainly needed in order to go invisibly to air defense systems of all levels and destroy them, remaining unnoticed. Naturally, the F-22 can also "work" on objects and troops, and the F-35 can successfully destroy enemy fighters, but each of them better does the job for which it was originally intended. Returning to the concept of the "5th generation fighter , I’ll note again that it’s stupid to make the same requirements for fighters of different purposes, so cruising supersonic is a requirement for a “fighter jet” and corresponds to the tactics of its use. At the same time, this characteristic is absolutely not required for a bombard fighter a 5th generation ’s foreman, which means“ a requirement for the 5th generation ”can’t be. Super maneuverability has ceased to be a requirement for modern airplanes. It’s expensive, very difficult and when using spherical information awareness in combination with all-angle missiles, not only" excessive "quality, but also quite harmful. We must not forget that these planes are not yet unmanned, and the person is not a machine. The impact of the highest overloads when performing" over "maneuvers dramatically reduces the pilot's capabilities, if not loss of consciousness and accident (example - F-22, crashed on March 25, 2009, when Lockheed's experienced pilot test pilot, retired Air Force Colonel David Paul Cooley lost consciousness when performing a maneuver with overloads over 9g at low altitude).
   Over-maneuverability is very spectacular at all kinds of "shows" for the general public, but fighter professionals have long called this "trickery." It should be noted that in the late 80s - early 90s of the last century, Americans also paid tribute to super maneuverability. Devices for 3-axis control of the engine thrust vector were developed, which were installed on experimental 4th-generation fighters F-15, F-16 and F / A-18, but they quickly found out that this does not give a significant increase in combat capabilities, and here the complexity of management and computer programs are becoming transcendental.

Tests of the F-15 ACTIVE (with a controlled thrust vector and PGO) of the Air Force completed back in 1991, having transferred a NASA aircraft for their research work. The theme of controlled traction vector in the USA has not received further development. Let's go back to the newest fighter of the Sukhoi Su-35 NGO, with which I began this article. Su-35 is a modification of the Su-27 fighter and its successor Su-30MKI, which is supplied to the Indian Air Force. In fact, in addition to some evolutionary development of some avionics systems and (promised) new engines (Su-30MKI engines with a controlled thrust vector turned out to be ugly bad), this car is no different. All the same direction is to develop the characteristics of maneuverability, which the Western School of Aircraft Engineering refused even 10-12 years ago. A couple of years ago, Indians took part in the Red Flag exercises, which are held in the United States and flew on their Su-30MKI. Despite the bravura reports of the Indian press, a video of the analysis of the exercises leaked by the US Air Force Colonel leaked to the Internet. I don’t know if it will work, but I’ll try to put the video:

The Americans were very disappointed with this drying. The disgusting quality of the engines, the extremely low reliability, the very weak programs of the on-board computers controlling the flight were indicated. Very quickly, the pilots of American F-15s developed tactical techniques that forced Indian pilots to maneuver using thrust vector control, which led to a sharp decrease in speed and a “drawdown” of the Su-30MKI to the tail. As a result, during training close combat, all Su-30s were conditionally shot down without causing damage to the conditional enemy. Drives of Dryers delivered a lot of trouble to the organizers of the exercises. Sushki required an interval of at least 4 minutes to take off from one runway. Otherwise, the engines could fail or “surge” could occur. At the cost of much effort, the Americans managed to reduce the takeoff interval to 2 minutes, but this is also unacceptable if hundreds of cars must fly into the air. By the end of 3 days of flight, ALL engines were out of order and required replacement, and vehicles with interchangeable engines were late. When, finally, the engines arrived, it turned out that their replacement would take several days (on the F-15 the standard time for replacing the engine is 8 hours for a team of technicians of 3 people. By the way, on F-22 this standard is only 4 hours for 2 human). The hydraulics of the chassis cleaning mechanism caused a lot of complaints - constant leaks, puddles, topping up liquids during maintenance, etc. As a result of mass breakdowns, the Indians refused to continue participating in the exercises. I would like to think that the Su-35 was largely able to get rid of these diseases.

Further, the Russian media write that the Su-35 radar can detect a target at a distance of about 400 kilometers. However, they don’t talk about the characteristics of this “goal”. This, apparently, in the calculation of suckers from the cheers-patriotic public. Around the world, it has long been customary to indicate the range of the radar in relation to targets for EPR groups: less than 1 sq. M; 1-5 sq.m .; 5-10 sq.m. and more than 10 sq.m. Otherwise, these numbers are meaningless. So the Raptor radar with AFAR - AN / APG-77 proved its ability to detect, identify and track a target with an EPR of up to 1 sq.m. at a distance of up to 150 nautical miles (270 km). They are preparing to modify this radar to increase the long-range EPR range of less than 1 sq.m. to a distance of 250 nautical miles (450 kilometers). I repeat, this is all in relation to the target with an EPR of up to 1 sq.m. To make it clear, the Su-30 EPR in the frontal projection is over 12 meters, and the most "licked" of the Russian MiG-35 fighters has a frontal EPR of about 5 meters.
Accordingly, Rapotr, according to the official reports of Lockheed and the company that conducted the testing commissioned by the Pentagon, has a frontal EPR of 0.0001 sq.m. - approximately the EPR of a metal bead. Surprising, of course, is Comrade Poghosyan, who “affirmatively” stated that the Raptor’s EPR is 0.5 square meters, although one can only guess where it came from. Most likely he decided so, after conferring with Comrade Surkov. It would be interesting, of course, to find out the real, not paper, data of the radar that is placed on the Su-35 and it is interesting what type of radar it is. If this is not an AFAR, then it will not be a radar, but a “beacon knock me down” - the radiation power is too high, it is too easy to detect with passive sensors. I hope that this is still the long-promised AFAR radar, although the one that was claimed has less than 1000 transmitter-receivers against 1800 from the American radar. So far, they have officially announced that the well-known Irbis-E is being installed on the Su-35 (installed on the Indian Su-30MKI. Irbis is a radar with a passive phased array (PFAR), its characteristics are known more or less accurately, 350-400 km. has a target with an EPR of about 5 square meters.With a decrease in the EPR, its range drops sharply and a target with an EPR of less than 0.5 square meters, he does not see a fig beyond 30-40 km under the most favorable conditions. 18 Super Hornet with an EPR of about 0.25 square meters, he will probably detect 90-100 kilometers, but ... will it be too late? Americans have long been stealth you were carried away ... Even the old V-1Vs have a frontal EPR of less than 1 square meter. A few months ago there was just an interview with the Air Force Commander-in-Chief, in which he complained about the Su-35 being “behind” on the avionics.

Note that the Americans do not seek to improve the maneuverability of their fighters to any degree. No - they reduce the radio sensitivity, they reduce the thermal signature, they improve the already very strong avionics.
   The new EPR needle is sharply reduced - according to the manufacturer, the frontal EPR is approximately the same as that of the F-35 (-35 dB, 0.0015 sq.m.?). The armament is hidden in internal volumes, the latest radar with APG-82 (V) 1 AFAR is put on the plane.

Apparently, the Su-35 should have been positioned as an opponent to this particular machine, but it does not seem to pull. Eagle sees Sushka much earlier and is unlikely to leave her any chances. So, for some of these characteristics, the newest Su-35 surpassed anyone there?

On September 30, 2014, The Aviationist started another discussion related to the confrontation between the American fifth-generation F-22A Raptor fighter and European Rafale and EF-2000 Typhoon fighters. The source of the resource reports that these fighters are capable of destroying the Raptor, if it allows it to approach it at a distance of close air combat.

These thoughts appeared after the night military operations of F-22A to destroy the bases of the terrorist organization “Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant” (abbreviated as “ISIS”) in Syria.

The three strengths of this combat vehicle, which you need to remember when comparing it with fighters of generations 4, 4+ and 4 ++ in long-range aerial combat - radar, electronic propulsion and power plant.

Powerful high-potential radar AN / APG-77, made on the basis of AFAR from 1,500 RPMs, is capable of tracking about 60 air targets of the “fighter” type with an EPR of 5 m 2 at a distance of 310 km (these are base fighters, Su-33), “Rafal”, Eurofighter, the MiG-35, is a 4 ++ transitional generation vehicle with an EPR of about 1 m 2 and can be detected by the Raptor with 205 km. In DVD mode, the advantage of the "American" in the review capabilities is undeniable.

And he begins to pose a danger when approaching less than 120 km, this is the launch range of the advanced AIM-120 AMRAAM C-7 missile. After launch, the rocket picks up speed of 4300 km / h, and can be launched in the LPI (Low Probability of Intercept) mode, in which the intensity of the AFAR transmitting channel is minimal, the enemy’s aircraft will not be able to detect exposure to their STR, and it means it will be misinformed until the last, when the AIM-120C-7 missile AIM will be captured. Such a game can be dangerous for standard generation 4 fighters, especially those that do not have the super-maneuverability of the F-15C, F-16C.

MiG-35, Rafal, Eurofighter have special optical stations for detecting SOAR attacking missiles, and the MiG station can not only detect a target, but also transmit its coordinates to Zhuk-AE radar, which increases the intensity of the AFAR beam in a narrow angle AIM-120 flight path, will detect it, and will make it possible to intercept the R-27EM or R-77 missile. Those. shoot down a rocket with a missile, radars with PFAR and AFAR allow this. If the interference situation is extremely complicated, then maneuverable fighters will be able to "get out" of the Amrramka, exhausting its speed with numerous maneuvers, and nobody canceled the dipole reflectors.

When will the MiG-35, Rafal and Eurofighter be able to detect the Raptor?On the MiG-35, a Zhuk-AE radar with an AFAR at 1016 RPM is installed, it can detect the Raptor, whose standard EPR is 0.07 m2 (according to the latest sources, this is the most plausible figure) at a distance of 65 km, attack the Raptor "Missile R-77 MiG will be able to from a distance of about 60 km. Knowing the noise immunity of the Zhuk-AE radar and the excellent maneuverability of the R-77, it can be argued that there will be few “breakdowns”, the R-27ET missile with a highly sensitive infrared seeker, in which the “let go” principle is partially implemented, will still be effective forgot. "

It is the 60-kilometer approach line that will mark the beginning of the great problems of the Raptor pilot. If he is not shot down by our plane, then he will still have to enter the BVB, where maneuverability, frankly speaking, is “lame” in comparison with that which the “Cobra Pugacheva” will perform if necessary, and in a simple turn to the tail of the “Raptor” sits down.

In principle, practically all of our fighters, even the MiG-29A and Su-27, which mastered the “Cobra Pugachev”, “Chakra Frolova” or “Bell”, can handle the F-22A in the BVB. Why are these figures desirable for fighting the Raptor? F-22 - highly maneuverable fighter: vertical thrust vector, two Pratt Whitney F119-PW-100 turbofan engines with a total thrust of 31,000 kg, a wing area of \u200b\u200b78 m 2 allow it to reach a thrust ratio of 1.2 and an angular rotation speed of about 24 deg / s at a minimum turning radius in a vertical bend.

Also, the Predator was taught the simplified Cobra Pugachev with sharp braking, and for simple fighters like the Mirage 2000-5 or Eurofighter, without the ATS, the F-22 is a very nimble machine, which you can appreciate from the video below, where there were training battles between Rafale and Raptor. Each time a French pilot stepped into the tail of the Raptor, he deflected the nozzle (thrust vector) and twisted the Rafal, lost from the field of view of the French pilot. This is most clearly seen in the 4th minute of the 13th second.

Actually, Rafal, which is slightly weaker than the MiG-35 radar PBE-2, is capable of detecting the Raptor from a distance of 50 km, the Eurofighter has the same indicators. Also, Rafal, Eurofighter and MiG-35 have OLS (optical-location stations): OSF, Pirate-IRST and OLS-UEM. These funds are distinguished by a passive type of sight and "capture". The F-22A relies only on its powerful radar.

OSF (Rafale): able to detect the “Raptor” at a distance of 50-60 km and give target designation to the MICA-IR missile.

Pirate IRST (EF-2000) It has a Raptor identification range similar to Rafal, but is capable of tracking 200 targets simultaneously.

OLS-UEM (MiG-35)  Sights F-22 from 20-25 km. These characteristics are valid when scanning in faculty; in the ZPS they are much higher, and approach 80-100 km. This OLS is fully synchronized with the helmet-mounted target designation system of pilots, which allows you to start a medium-range battle without the participation of radar.

The MiG-35 crew consists of two pilots, this allows for a more effective aerial combat with an inconspicuous American aircraft, since the second operator pilot, without being distracted by the moments of piloting and anti-ballistic maneuvering, can completely delve into the process of searching, tracking and destroying a stealth fighter . The dashboards of the two pilots are almost completely duplicated, so they can change tasks in case of fatigue of one of the crew members.

These three aircraft are fully ready for battle with the F-22A at medium distances of up to 50 km and maneuverable BVB; and the MiG-35 has much more chances to win than European cars.

Summing up the results of our article today, we will try to break down all 4-4 ++ generation fighters into readiness categories to resist the American fighter. We will build our analytical tree according to the scheme "close air combat - medium-range combat - long-range air combat".

1. BVB - close air combat.

Here, in addition to the three fighters described above, F-22A can surpass such highly maneuverable vehicles that have the highest angular speed of turn, capable of elements of ultra-maneuverable aerobatics and equipped with quantum optical-location sighting systems; they can be safely attributed to: all modifications of the MiG-29, except for the heavy interceptor MiG-31B, all fighters of the Su-27 base, except for the heavy Su-34, Mirage 2000-5, J-10, J-31, Jas -39 "Gripen", F-2A, B.

2. Mid-range air combat: within the limits of visual visibility (5-20 km) and beyond (20-50 km).

Almost all fighters of generation 4, 4+, 4 ++ are capable of competing with the Raptor within visual visibility, since all of their radar systems are capable of operating on the F-22 within 20-25 km, and beyond 5 km the mode is no longer needed over-maneuverability or highly maneuverability. This category fits: the entire Mirage 2000 series, all the MiG-29, MiG-23-98, F-15C, F-16C, F \\ A-18C, E, F, the entire Su-27go series, including the Su- 34, MiG-31B, BM, and the rest.

Outside of visual visibility. This section mainly includes fighters of the 4 ++ generation equipped with AFAR and PFAR with a range of at least 150 km, as well as individual small-sized aircraft of the 4+ generation. This niche includes: “Rafal”, “Eurofighter”, MiG-29SMT (modification with N019MP radar), MiG-29KUB, MiG-35, Su-27SM, Su-30MK2, Su-30MK, Su-30SM, Su-34 , Su-35S, MiG-31BM, Jas-39 "Gripen", F-2A, B, F-16C Block60, F-15SE, F-35C, F / A-18E / F.

3. DVB - Long-range aerial combat.

This category belongs only to the best of the best, aircraft - owners of the most powerful radar with a detection range of such a target as the Raptor - 150-160 km. At such a range, the F-22A can withstand: MiG-31BM, T-50 PAK-FA, Su-35S and with a “stretch” of the front-line high-precision fighter-bomber Su-34. The capabilities of their avionics are phenomenal, and will be considered in our next publications.

Approximately this, to date, the alignment with combat aircraft, which is capable of air battles with the most numerous and proven fighter of the 5th generation F-22A. This alignment will change depending on future modernizations and innovations in the field of radar means of military aviation.

/Evgeny Damantsev/

MOSCOW, Jul 25 - RIA Novosti, Andrey Kots.  Russian Su-35 fighters can be a deadly threat to the fifth-generation aircraft of the US Air Force - F-22 Raptor and F-35 Lightning II. This was announced at the beginning of the week by the American magazine The National Interest. The main advantage of the Russian aircraft over opponents in the air battle, the analysts of the publication consider its unsurpassed maneuverability. According to the author of the publication, the Su-35 is probably the best fighter in the history of aviation for short-range combat. But stealth and long-range air-to-air missiles do not guarantee the latest American aircraft easy victory.

The super maneuverability of the Su-35, Su-30SM and MiG-35 aircraft (as well as the promising PAK FA T-50) is largely due to their engines with a controlled thrust vector (UHT). In this area, Russian aircraft manufacturers are unconditional world leaders, which even Americans recognize. Skeptics, however, argue that in modern warfighters fighters rarely fight for short and, therefore, such technologies are useless. But the pilots themselves have a different opinion on this.

Sniper vs. Swordsman

Engines with a controlled thrust vector are able to deflect a jet stream from the direction corresponding to the cruising mode by turning the nozzle. Simply put, a pilot “steers” a fighter not only (and not so much) with flaps, ailerons and other elements of wing mechanization, but also with powerful jet jets. This allows the aircraft to quickly and practically without inertia change the direction of movement, altitude and position in space.

A feature of the Russian engines AL-31FP (Su-30SM), AL-41F1S (Su-35) and RD-33MK (MiG-35) is the multi-angle thrust vector control. Their nozzles can deviate in any direction. For comparison: the standard engine of the American F-22 - F119-PW-100 from Pratt and Whitney - can "rotate" the nozzle only in a vertical plane, up and down. This simplifies takeoff and pitch at altitude, but does not make the Raptor super maneuverable.

A skilled pilot on modern Russian airplanes can literally "dance" in the sky, effortlessly performing the most difficult aerobatics. Such skills, for example, are regularly demonstrated at various air shows by the flight director of the Sukhoi company, the famous ace Sergey Bogdan. However, such aerobatics is not just a colorful show. What many regard as “window dressing” is, in fact, a development of close air combat techniques.

Expert: against the American F-22 and F-35 there is a Russian "antidote"American "stealth" should beware of Russian air defense systems, writes NI. Air expert Viktor Pryadka on Sputnik radio noted that the development of American stealth fighters is significantly behind the pace of creating Russian air defense systems.

“The battle of two modern aircraft can be divided into two stages,” Honored Military Pilot of Russia, Major General Vladimir Popov told RIA Novosti. “The first is the detection of an enemy fighter at long range and its attack with a long-range guided air-to-air missile. This is enough effective weapon, which, however, does not guarantee a hit.Especially on an airplane with modern electronic countermeasures that can "deceive" the missile. In this case, the fighters approach and begin the second stage is short-range maneuverable aerial combat. Short-range missiles and cannons are already being used here. This is where all the advantages of engines with a full-fledged UVT are revealed. "

In the language of analogies, the American F-22 is a "sniper" whose task it is to get close to the enemy unnoticed and destroy him from afar without making eye contact. Russian fighters of the 4 ++ generation are “fencers” capable of getting away from enemy missiles, drastically breaking the distance from the enemy’s aircraft and properly “laying” him in close combat, taking advantage of maneuverability. The stealth of the American “Raptor” may not save: as experts at The National Interest, the Su-35 is able to use passive and ground-based radars, as well as an infrared search and tracking system to detect an invisible fighter.

Custom Tactics

Fortunately, it was not yet possible to verify both approaches in real combat conditions. However, the Indian export Su-30MKI with AL-31FP engines confidently prevailed over many Western aircraft in training battles. Back in 2005, the squadron of these machines showed superiority over the US Air Force F-16 and F-15 C / D during air maneuvers in the sky over India. And in 2015, as part of the Indrahanush international trainings, the “thirties” defeated British Eurofighter Typhoon fighters with a dry score of 12: 0.

© AP Photo / Ajit Kumar

© AP Photo / Ajit Kumar

According to Vladimir Popov, the high performance of Russian fighter aircraft with airborne engines in training battles is due to the fact that their pilots have the opportunity to use non-standard tactics and maneuvers that Western aircraft are not capable of.

“We all saw on the MAX how the Su-35, like a dry sheet, spun flat on its axis,” Popov explained. - In aviation, this is called a search with a minimum turn. A maneuver is made so that the pilot “looks around” around himself and scans the surrounding area with a radar station installed in the bow of the aircraft. Such a fighter will detect a less "nimble" enemy faster, since the latter needs to unfold in a bend for a similar maneuver. Each turn with a roll of 45 or 60 degrees takes one and a half to two minutes. Su-35 can "look around" much faster. Another very effective technique is “Cobra Pugacheva”. The plane abruptly “rears up” and extinguishes its own speed to zero with the entire plane of the fuselage. It works very well if the enemy hangs on the "tail": it slips forward by inertia and turns from a hunter into a game. In addition, when the speed of the fighter is at zero, it is not "visible" to the enemy radar. All this, combined with on-board electronic warfare, can completely confuse the enemy and make him make mistakes.

The advantages of over-maneuverability are fully appreciated in many countries. Not only Indian pilots fly on export modifications of the Su-30, but also Chinese, Vietnamese, Malaysian, Algerian and Venezuelan. Of great interest to foreign buyers is the Su-35. Contracts for the supply of these machines were signed with China and Indonesia. The latest MiG-35s, which should go into mass production within two years, have good export potential. According to Ilya Tarasenko, Director General of RSK MiG, at MAKS, this plane can be serviced by all states on the existing infrastructure without any problems, the Air Force of which includes MiG-29 fighters. And there are dozens of such countries in the world.

Tests of the new Russian MiG-35 fighter will begin in 2017, and deliveries to the Russian Aerospace Forces are scheduled for 2018. The flight tests of the new aircraft, which were supposed to begin this summer, were postponed due to a delay in manufacturers.

“The work under the contract with the Ministry of Defense on the MiG-35 is ongoing,” said Vladimir Mikhailov, director of military aviation programs at the United Aircraft Corporation. “There is a slight lag behind the schedule due to some difficulties with the supply of components, but we can say that the problem is generally resolved.”

Nevertheless, the UAC Aviation Corporation MiG expects to catch up next year. “We will catch up with the schedule in 2017,” Mikhailov said. - Testing the car will pass quickly, as the prototype has repeatedly shown itself. The aircraft will begin to enter the VKS in 2018. "

UAC has not yet signed a production contract with the Russian Ministry of Defense. We have to wait for the end of the test. Nevertheless, as previously assumed, the Russian Air Force is ready to purchase the first batch of thirty-seven MiG-35s. It is expected that the fighter will go into operation in 2020.

MiG-35 is an improved version of the MiG-29. While the glider differs little from the original, but the filling is almost completely updated. Compared to the original version, the MiG-35 has added a completely new remote control system, a lightweight fuselage, a larger tank, more efficient engines and nozzles with a variable thrust vector. In addition, single and double variants are being developed in the same building in order to maximize unification.

More importantly, the MiG-35 will receive a completely new avionics. The fighter will be the first in Russia to be equipped with a Zhuk-MA active phased array radar. The radar is capable of tracking fighter-type air targets at a distance of more than 140 km.

The MiG-35 will also have a unique optical location system (OLS), which is a passive electro-optical air-to-air detection sensor that operates in the visible and infrared wavelengths. It is believed that the OLS sensor will be useful in the fight against invisible aircraft such as the F-22 and F-35. The MiG-35 will have a powerful electronic warfare system - this is an important advantage.

The MiG Corporation, which fell under the wing of the United Aircraft Corporation together with its competitor Sukhoi, hopes to regain its former glory as A. I. Mikoyan’s Design Bureau by developing an improved version of the MiG-29. In the years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, MiG products were somewhat overshadowed by the heavier and more powerful Sukhoi vehicles. The MiG-35 is perhaps the last hope of the MiG to restore its once lost share in the world fighter aircraft market.

  September 26th, 2013

The usual thing. Remember how everyone dreamed of finding out who would win, Bruce Lee or Chuck Norris, Sylvester or Arnold. Also, discussing any weapon systems it is interesting to know who will emerge victorious from the battle. Of course, the most objective judge is a process like “war”. But, thank God, this is not a universal phenomenon. Therefore, there is a lot of reasoning whose tank is better, whose plane will quickly hit another helicopter. Let's read the arguments of different experts on the account of the Su-35 and F-35.

In July 2008, an air battle simulation was carried out with the participation of a Su-35 fighter against a mixed fleet of American fighters - F-22, F / A-18 Super Hornet and F-35, where the latter was "beaten with a baton as a child." The simulation was carried out on the basis of the US Air Force Hikam in Hawaii, which was witnessed by at least four representatives of the Australian Air Force and military intelligence. Member of the Australian Parliament Dennis Jensen (Dennis Jensen) with skill said that during the "strictly classified simulation" F-35 was "mercilessly beaten by a Su-35 fighter."

"Black PR" did not appear at the right time from the point of view of Lockheed Martin - the manufacturer of the aircraft. In a number of countries, a decision has already been made to purchase this aircraft, and the information that there are aircraft that are both better and cheaper than the F-35 casts doubt on the feasibility of such transactions. Lockheed Martin also suspects the support of the black PR company Lockheed, which is aggressively offering its F / A-18E / F Super Hornet fighters to foreign buyers.

As a result, the Pentagon stood up for the honor of F-35. The head of the F-35 program, Major General Charles Davis, said that during the exercises, tasks of a completely different direction were solved without accepting, however, to notice the overwhelming superiority of the F-35 over all existing fighter models in the world, and therefore over the Russian Su-35.

Russian scientists on this score have a diametrically opposite judgment. According to the data obtained as a result of mathematical modeling of air battles using various modifications of the US Air Force F-35 and Su-35 equipped with 117C engines, provided that the enemy’s weapons are identical, the Russian example has overwhelming superiority to any of the American fighter modifications. The probability of a successful outcome of the F-35 battle contrary to the Su-35 does not exceed 0.21-0.28.

The Sukhoi company presents the Su-35 as a 4 ++ generation fighter with some signs of the fifth generation, that is, with stealth characteristics. Its ability to shoot down stealth aircraft is largely determined by its super maneuverability.

The power plant of the Su-35 allows you to perform all kinds of complex maneuvers, including the “Pugachev cobra”, “Frolov’s chakra” and an unprecedented “pancake”.

Western analysts do not attach much importance to over-maneuverability, believing that in the course of real hostilities stealth is far more important than over-maneuverability. Stealth is a parameter that stays with the fighter "anytime any day." Northrop Grumman Business Program Manager Pete Bartos says stealth was a key requirement for the development of the F-35 and therefore does not require high maneuverability.

However, the authoritative military source Defense Industry Daily writes that "stealth is very useful, but it's still not Harry Potter's invisibility cloak." Indeed, the US Air Force is stuck in stealth, while the theory of air combat is constantly evolving. “In the 1940-1950s, priorities were first altitude, then speed, maneuver and firepower. From the third and fourth generations of fighter jets, priorities have shifted to speed, then maneuver, and finally, over-maneuverability. It's like a knife in a soldier’s pocket, ”said Sergey Bogdan, chief test pilot of the Sukhoi Design Bureau, in an interview with Aviation Week.

Aviation expert Bill Sweetman says the maneuvers that the Su-35 demonstrated at the Paris Air Show should not be mistaken for air superiority. “However, these maneuvers are not aerobatic tricks. An unpredictable flight path of a fighter can lead to malfunctions of the enemy’s missile guidance algorithms, and the fighter itself can launch short-range missiles with a high probability of hitting an enemy aircraft, ”the expert says.

F-35 is completely dependent on its stealth and prefers not to get involved in close air combat (“knife stabbing” - knife fight), where it will be very vulnerable to Su-35. The Russian fighter has a large arsenal of deadly weapons, an increased flight range and, of course, the legendary super-maneuverability, which has become the hallmark of the Su-27 family.

Sergei Bogdan recalls that in 1989 the Su-27 performed the “cobra”: “A quick change in speed can lead to a breakdown in the tracking of the Doppler radar for controlling the weapons of an enemy fighter. The maneuver is even more effective on the Su-35S, because after this maneuver the pilot can direct the plane in any direction. ”

Aircraft equipped with a triaxial thrust vector and a fully integrated flight control system and propulsion system can perform maneuvers that cannot be compared with any armed fighter, including such as a bell, a cobra and, of course, a 360-degree turn the hail is almost in place, as well as flying at very low speeds at an angle of attack of almost 90 hail.

“Most fighters that are equipped with thrust vector control, such as the Su-30MKI and MKM, are capable of performing these maneuvers, but the Su-35S is different in that it has more engine thrust when it performs the bell maneuver, and therefore can stand still longer "In an upright position, and can perform a steady flight at a speed of only 120-140 km / h," says Bogdan.

The emphasis on “over-maneuverability” contradicts many Western tactics of conducting air combat, in which the main focus is on maintaining high speed in order to avoid loss of aircraft energy. Bogdan, however, says that the factor of over-maneuverability in aerial combat can be significant.

“A classic air battle starts at high speed, but if you missed the moment when you could launch a rocket first, the battle goes to close range and you need high maneuverability to avoid being hit by an enemy fighter, and this phase of the battle can be longer. Having completed the maneuver, the aircraft will fly at a lower speed, but both opposing fighters should take up a position for firing as soon as possible. Over-maneuverability allows this to be done within three seconds and again hit the enemy, ”says the chief pilot.

However, Bogdan emphasized that “you must be careful when using this tactic. This is akin to the fact that a sniper cannot shoot many times from the same place where he is, so as not to reveal his position. "

Regarding the doctrine, which focuses on maintaining high speed, Bogdan noted: “The theory of air combat is in continuous development. In the 1940-1950s, the priorities were first flight altitude, then speed, then maneuverability and firepower. Starting with third and fourth generation fighters, speed, then altitude, then maneuverability became priorities. Over-maneuverability has become a new factor. This is a knife in a soldier’s pocket. ”

Bogdan recalled the essence of the Cobra maneuver on the Su-27: a quick drop in speed that could disrupt the capture and tracking of an enemy Doppler radar. This maneuver is even more developed on the Su-35S, when after its execution the fighter can fly in any direction

Bill Sweetman says that the tactical advantage of performing a cobra is that any air-to-air missile has an “intelligent element” that predicts where the target will be after some time, but not in the case of the cobra. “If an enemy’s plane flies with an unpredictable trajectory and is capable of changing it unexpectedly and very abruptly without losing control, then it will be very difficult for a rocket to hit it,” the expert says. Vigorous maneuvers performed by the fighter reduce the effective launch range of enemy missiles, Sweetman said.

To destroy the Su-35, the F-35 fighter must come closer, thereby putting itself at risk of being detected (a powerful Su-35 radar could well do this, especially since this aircraft has in its arsenal the most long-range air combat missiles with a range of 400 km developed by the company "Pennant", which is a world record - which missiles are meant, the source does not specify - approx. "VP").

The expert also reports that the American tactics of aerial combat boil down to three principles - “first discovered, first shot, first destroyed”. With the advent of the Su-35, this tactic can be revised. F-35 may be the first to detect the Su-35, but for the use of missiles it must come closer, and at this time both opponents will see each other. “In this case, the advantage of stealth is significantly reduced,” Sweetman said.

In close combat, the Su-35S with its supernatural ability to fly at minimum speeds and at the same time sharply accelerate to supersonic speeds, turns into a hunter. The maximum speed of the aircraft is 2.5M, the flight range is 3600 km, in the configuration of an air combat fighter can carry 12 Vympel medium-range missiles (probably referring to the UR R-77 of various modifications). The F-35 fighter can carry only a handful of missiles, the flight range is only 2222 km, and its maximum speed of 1.6 M, it seems, only speaks of the desire to "die soon."

In an interview with the Global Times newspaper, Deputy Chief Engineer of the Chinese aircraft manufacturing corporation AVIC, Tan Yanshi, expressed his undisguised pleasure in the maneuvers that the Russian Su-35S fighter made in the Paris sky.

The engineer said that he received "pleasure watching the flight of the Su-35S." The fighter showed steady flight at angles of attack of 70 degrees and almost on the spot made a horizontal turn of 360 degrees using a controlled thrust vector of engines ((according to some media reports, the minimum radius of a horizontal turn of the F-22A by 360 degrees at low altitude is 750 feet, or 229 meters).

The ability of the Su-35S to make a 360-degree turn almost on the spot is very important when conducting close air combat, says the engineer, having eliminated such a traditional parameter for determining the fighter’s maneuverability as the turning radius. This factor gives the fighter faster than others to take an advantageous position for launching missiles with infrared guidance in the "tail of the enemy."

The Americans understand the importance of close combat, equipping their F-22 and F-35 with guns, since in some cases only guns can be used to defeat an air opponent. Tang Yangshi said that stealth and over-maneuverability are now critical requirements for fighters.

In fact, the F-35 does not offer the “extravagant capabilities” that most air forces in the world need. And, on the contrary, the Su-35S offers efficiency on a par with fifth-generation fighters. Even worse for the Western Air Force is the fact that they already see the F-35 vulnerability when it has not yet entered service, and after all, somewhere around 2020, Sukhoi PAK FA combat stealth fighters will appear. There is still enough time for the pilots of many Western fighters to change their profession to another, safer career.

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