4 companies of the 8th Panfilov Guards Rifle Division. The salty wind of the Baltic. The official version of the event
In the entire history of the existence of the armed forces of the Soviet Union only two divisions were named after their commanders. In the Civil War, it was the Chapaev Division, during the Great Patriotic War - the 8th Guards Order of Lenin, the Red Banner Order of Suvorov Rezhitskaya named after I.V. Panfilov Rifle Division.
On July 12, 1941, by order of the government, the formation of the 316th Infantry, subsequently heroic Panfilov, division began in Almaty. Within a month, the division was replenished with teams of draftees from different regions of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The division consisted of three rifle regiments, an artillery regiment, a communications battalion, a separate combat engineer battalion, a separate autorota, a medical battalion, a separate reconnaissance motorized rifle company, a field bakery, a field postal service and a herd of cattle. The military commissar of Kyrgyzstan, Major General I.V. Panfilov, formed and headed the 316th division. Personal acquaintance with Stalin allowed the general to select the best cadres when forming the division. So, it was not young recruits who joined her ranks, but mature family men - representatives of 28 peoples of the USSR.
Guard Major General Ivan Vasilievich Panfilov began a military career in World War I, in 1915, when he was drafted into the 168th reserve battalion (Inzara, Penza province) by conscription. As a non-commissioned officer, he was sent to the army on the South-Western Front in the 638th Olpinsky Infantry Regiment, where he rose to the rank of sergeant major (senior sergeant in modern troops).
After the February Revolution of 1917, Panfilov was elected a member of the regimental committee. Having voluntarily entered the Red Army in October 1918, he was enlisted in the 1st Saratov Infantry Regiment, which later became part of the 25th Chapaev Rifle Division. Commanding a platoon and company of a legendary division, from 1918 to 1920, he fought against the formations of the Czechoslovak Corps, the White Guards generals Denikin, Kolchak, Dutov and the White Poles. In September 1920, Panfilov was sent to combat banditry in Ukraine, in 1921 he led the platoon of the 183rd border battalion.
After graduating from the Kiev High School of Red Army Commanders in 1923, Panfilov was sent to the Turkestan Front, where he actively participated in the fight against Basmachi. From 1927 to 1937 he headed the regimental school of the 4th Turkestan rifle regiment, commanded the rifle battalion, and then the 9th Red Banner Mountain Rifle Regiment. In 1937 he was appointed to the post of chief of staff of the Central Asian Military District, and a year later - to the post of military commissar of the Kyrgyz SSR. In January 1939, Panfilov received the rank of brigade commander (since 1940 - major general).
Formed in 1941 by Panfilov 316 rifle division in August of that year she began her military career near Novgorod, and in October she was transferred to the Volokolamsk direction. Waging continuous battles, over the course of a month, divisions not only maintained their positions, but defeated the 2nd Panzer, 29th Motorized, 11th and 110th Infantry Divisions with swift counterattacks, destroying a total of up to 9,000 German soldiers and officers , more than 80 tanks and other enemy equipment. On October 27, the situation at the front no longer made it possible to keep the occupied line; Volokolamsk had to be abandoned. Despite the retreat, for merits in the October battles The 316th division was one of the first to be called the guard division number 8.
In November, the 8th Guards famous for the feat of 28 Panfilov heroes. According to a version published in the central press the same year, on November 16 a group of 29 tank destroyers met their death at a railway junction Dubosekovo destroying 18 enemy tanks. The enemy struck from the south at the junction of the division and the 50th cavalry corps, trying to surround Panfilov’s and seize the headquarters. Despite the exceptional stamina of the soldiers of the 1075th regiment, the Germans broke through to the headquarters. Our units were bloodless: in the 4th company out of 140 fighters there were no more than 25, in other companies even less. Having accepted the battle, the 8th Guards Division managed to stop the enemy in the Volokolamsk direction. A week later, reporters learned about this feat, in the "Red Star" several articles were published on the events at the Dubosekovo junction.
The day after the terrible battle, the division received the Order of the Red Banner.
And on November 18, the division commander did not become - he was wounded by a fragment from a mortar attack. This was a real tragedy for the fighters of the division, who panfilov was very warm, calling him Batey.
On November 23, at the request of the division’s fighters, the 8th Guards Division was named after Major General I.V. Panfilova.
The media have so “spun” the story of 28 Panfilov’s people that only a few know the real truth about it. In 1948 the military prosecutor's office conducted an audit the authenticity of the feat of 28 Panfilovites described in the press. On the basis of the audit, the Chief Military Prosecutor of the Armed Forces of the USSR, Lieutenant General of Justice Afanasyev, on May 10, 1948, compiled a "Reference Report" On 28 Panfilovites ".
However, a detailed examination of the document reveals the following: |
|
From which it follows that the number of Panfilov heroes in the Red Star of November 28, 1941 was determined approximately.
About the events after December 20, 1941, when our troops returned their temporarily lost positions, the following was said: | “When it became known that the place where the battle took place was freed from the Germans, Krivitsky on behalf of Ortenberg drove to the Dubosekovo junction. Together with regiment commander Kaprov, commissar Mukhamedyarov and commander of the 4th company, Gundilovich Krivitsky traveled to the battlefield, where they found three corpses of our soldiers under the snow. However, to the question of Krivitsky about the names of the fallen heroes, Kaprov could not answer: “Kaprov did not give me the names, but instructed Mukhamedyarov and Gundilovich to do this, who compiled the list by taking information from some list or list. Thus, I got a list of the names of 28 Panfilov’s soldiers who fell in battle with German tanks at the Dubosekovo junction ” |
Plan:
- Introduction
- 1 Full name
- 2 Submission
- 3 Composition
- 4 Commanders
- 5 Awards Notes
- 7 External links
Introduction
8th Guards Panfilov Division (Panfilov Division, Panfilov’s) - a military unit of the USSR, originally formed as the 316th Infantry Division from Russians, Ukrainians, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Tatars and other peoples living in Semirechye. I.V. Panfilov served as military commissar of the Kyrgyz SSR. The main skeleton of the division was made up of residents of the city of Alma-Ata and Semirechensky Cossacks of the villages of Lyubavinskaya and Vernenskaya - 1075 rifle regiment, Cossacks of the villages of Nadezhden and Sofia - 1073 rifle regiment, as well as residents of the city of Frunze - 1077 Kyrgyz rifle regiment. Participated in the defense of Moscow in 1941, on November 18, 1941 for courage and heroism received the status of a guard, on November 23, 1941 it received the name of its commander who died in battle on November 19. After the collapse of the USSR, it became part of the armed forces of Kyrgyzstan, in 2003 it was disbanded.
She became famous in the battles near Moscow, stopping the advance of the advanced units of the Army Center group (commander Fedor von Bock) on Moscow in October and November 1941.
The most famous feat of 28 people ( panfilov heroes and 28 Panfilov heroes) from the personnel of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th rifle regiment, on November 16, 1941, at the Dubosekovo junction.
The 316th division, which was part of the 16th army, was strengthened by two artillery regiments and a tank company. Despite this, given the fact that the division was in the direction of the main strike, it should be noted that it received an extremely wide defense line - more than 42 kilometers along the front. According to the 1939 charter, a division can defend a strip along a front of 8-12 km and a depth of 4-6 km. On the right flank of the division, the farthest from Volokolamsk highway, the 1077th Infantry Regiment under the command of Major Z. S. Shekhtman equipped its positions. This unit was formed last and did not have time to complete full training at the division training ground, so Panfilov placed it where the enemy was not expected to be seriously hit. In the center of the division is the 1073th regiment of Major G. E. Elin, directly at the fighting positions of the regiment was one of the attached artillery regiments - a regiment of 45 mm anti-tank guns. On the left flank, where General Panfilov was expecting an attack by the main forces of the 4th Panzer Group, the 1075th Infantry Regiment of Colonel I.V. Kaprov was deployed, along with 16 76 mm division cannons and a battery of 4 ex 85 attached artillery regiment mm anti-aircraft guns. The 857th artillery regiment of Lieutenant Colonel G.F. Kurganov was sub-divisionally distributed between the rifle units. The 1st division (3 batteries of 4–76 mm guns) was assigned to 1077 infantry regiments, the second and third battalions (1 battery of 4 x 76 mm guns and 2 batteries of 122 mm howitzers) were assigned 1073 and 1075 shelves respectively. Thus, having an average of no more than 3 gun barrels per 1 km of the front, General Panfilov concentrated up to 14 barrels per 1 km of the front in the most tank hazardous areas. The reserve reserve was made up of a separate combat engineer battalion and a tank company of two T-34 tanks and two light machine-gun tanks. The division headquarters was located directly at the positions of 1073 regiment, 2 kilometers from the front line.
On November 16, the division was attacked by the forces of one infantry and two tank divisions of the Germans - the 2nd Panzer Division of the 40th Motorized Corps (Panzer General G. Stumme) attacked the positions of the 316th Rifle Division in the center of defense, and the 11th Panzer Division of the 46th Motorized Corps (General of the tank forces G. von Fittingof-Scheel) hit in the Dubosekovo region, at the positions of the 1075th Infantry Regiment. In the south of the position, at the junction with the Dovator corps, with the support of the tank battalion of the 5th Panzer Division, the 252 Silesian Infantry Division attacked. Parts of the division led by Panfilov waged heavy defensive battles with superior enemy forces, in which the personnel showed massive heroism. During the fighting on November 16–20 in the Volokolamsk direction, the 316th rifle division (Krasnoznamennaya from November 17, the Guards from November 18) stopped the advance of two Wehrmacht tank and one infantry divisions. For successful actions during these battles, the division, which has already become the 8th Guards Red Banner, received the honorary title Panfilovskaya on November 23.
When, realizing the futility and the impossibility to achieve success in the Volokolamsk direction, von Bock transferred the 4th tank group to the Leningradskoye Shosse, the 8th Guards on November 26th was also transferred to the Leningradskoye Shosse to the area of \u200b\u200bthe village of Kryukovo, where, like on the Volokolamsk Shosse, it stopped 4th tank group of the Wehrmacht. Colonel General Erich Göpner, who commanded the 4th Panzer Group, whose strike forces were defeated in battles with the 8th Guards Division, calls it in his reports to the commander of the Center Center, Fedor von Bock, “a wild division fighting in violation of all charters and rules of warfare, whose soldiers do not surrender, are extremely fanatical and not afraid of death. "
One of the two divisions of the Soviet Army, named after their commanders - Ivan Vasilievich Chapaev and Ivan Vasilievich Panfilov (25th Guards Rifle Division named after V.I. Chapaev).
1. Full name
8th Guards Rezhitskaya of the Fighting Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov, named after Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov
2. Submission
- 52nd Army of the Northwest Front (from August to October 1941)
- 16th army
3. Composition
- 1073th Sofia (Talgar) Rifle Regiment
- 1075th Lubavinsky (Kaskelen) Rifle Regiment
- 1077th Kyrgyz (Frunze) Rifle Regiment
- 857th artillery regiment
- 23rd Guards Rifle Regiment
- 19th Guards Rifle Regiment
- 30th Guards Rifle Regiment
- 27th Guards Artillery Regiment
4. Commanders
- Panfilov I.V. - July - November 19, 1941
- major General V. A. Revyakin (1941 - 42),
- major General I. M. Chistyakov (1942),
- colonel I.E. Zubarev (1942)
- colonel I.I. Serebryakov (1942),
- major General S. S. Chernyugov (1942 - 1944),
- colonel D.A. Dulov (1944),
- major General E.J. Sedulin (1944),
- major General A. D. Kuleshov (1944),
- colonel G.I. Panishev (1944),
- colonel G.I. Lomov (1944 - 45)
5. Awards
- November 17, 1941 - awarded the Order of the Red Banner
- November 18, 1941 - received the status of a guard
- November 23, 1941 - received the name of its commander, I.V. Panfilov, who died in battle on November 19
- ??. ??. ???? - received the name Rezhitskaya
- November 3, 1944 - for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command during liberation from the Nazi invaders of the Latvian SSR and the city of Riga, she was awarded the Order of Suvorov, II degree, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Notes
- Field charter of the Red Army of 1939. Chapter Five Basics of battle formations. Section 105.
7. External links
- Panfilovites in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia - slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00057/19000.htm
- Boris Serov. Other volunteers - www.cainfo.ru/article/opinions/1662 // Central Asia. October 17, 2006
- Veterans were on their knees when in 2003 Kyrgyzstan disbanded the 8th Panfilov Guards Division - www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st\u003d1077486480
This essay is based on an article from the Russian Wikipedia. Synchronization completed on 07/11/11 05:25:35
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8th Guards Rifle Division - Red Army compound in the Great Patriotic War
Connection History:
November 16, 41 The last German offensive against Moscow began. 316sd, which was part of Rokossovsky's 16A, was at the forefront of the enemy’s main strike. On this day, command 16A planned to launch a counterattack on the right flank of the army with forces of 126sd, 58td and 17 and 24kd. General Panfilov, in a report to the army headquarters, asked to expedite the beginning of this offensive. However, the offensive of our troops on November 16-17, having encountered the stubborn defense of the German infantry divisions, did not reach its goal. Significant artillery forces were concentrated for this operation, including 39 cap of the regiment, 138 papas, 426gap, 641ap ptos, 13 gmp. The artillery on the 316th section was much weaker - it was supported by 296 and 768ap ptos and 14gmp. On the left flank of the division from Shiryaevo to Petelino, he defended 1075sp Kaprova, in the center along Volokolamsky sh. 1073sp defended, the right flank of the division occupied 1077sp and 690sp (from the right flank 126sd).
The main blow of the enemy on November 16 came in the center and left flank - at the junction with the Cav. Dovator group. After an air strike and artillery bombardment, German tanks attacked positions 1073 and 1075sp. A tough battle ensued. During the attack, the enemy broke through the left-flank defense of 1075sp in the Petelino area once more. Dubosekovo and took possession of the Matrenino station and the Matrenino village. It was also squeezed by the Shiryaevo Cav. Dovator group. 1073sp defending along Volokolamsk highway was attacked from Muromtsevo and was forced to withdraw leaving Mykanino and Christmas. 690sp defended between 1077 and 1073sp was attacked in the area of \u200b\u200bChentsy and squeezed. 1077sp on the far right flank was not attacked that day. By the end of the day, the center and the left flank of the division were pushed to the line Lystsevo, Rozhdestvenno, stations Matrenino, Morozovo. The counterattacks of our troops and cavalrymen of Dovator, with the support of tank brigades, stopped the advance of the enemy. The night counterattack of the battalion 1073sp and the Dovator’s cavalry group was knocked out of the stations Matrenino and the village of Matrenino. Loss 1073sp amounted to over 30% hp.
On November 17, positions 1077sp were attacked, which Avdotino left and fought for Golubtsovo. 690sp was surrounded in the region of Chentsi. 1gvtbr with the NKVD battalion and 27tbr and 1073sp battalion defended Matrenino station. To the left, the enemy continued to crowd out the 690s which left Shishkino. Five T-34 tanks were sent to help him. On the morning of November 18, German troops on the right flank of the division broke south from the Shishkino area to the times. Anino cut off the defending group in Matrenino. 690sp escaped from the encirclement, leaving for the Amelchino region (northern Shishkino).
November 18, 1077sp attacked by the German 2td, having suffered heavy losses, left Strokovo, Sytnikovo continuing to retreat east. The 2nd Battalion 1073sp, which occupied the defense in the Sitnikovo area, was heavily bombed by 12 aircraft and lost 30 people. dead and 60 wounded. After an airstrike, his positions were attacked by up to 40 tanks. The enemy occupied Amelfino while continuing to move to the sv .. By ref. day the division moved to the east line. Sitnikovo, Gusenevo.
On November 18, for the exemplary actions on the front of the struggle against fascism, the division was transformed into 8gvsd. On the same day, the division commander, Major General Panfilov, during an attack by enemy tanks on the village of Gusenevo, was killed during mortar shelling. The commander did not know about the conversion of the division into a guard.
On November 23, the Supreme Command Headquarters granted the request of the Military Council 16A to assign the division an honorary name " Panfilovskaya". This was one of the first cases of assigning an honorary name to a compound during the Second World War.
According to the results of the three-day battles, in 1077sp there were 700 people left, 1075sp 120 people, 1073sp 200 people, 690sp 180 people .. On November 19, the division went to the river Sister. Since November 19, 690sp has joined 126sd (without having an order from the headquarters of 8gvsd for this).
Major General Revyakin was appointed the new commander of the division. Until October 41 He served as commandant of Moscow, and in November 41g. consisted of the headquarters of the Western Front. Since November 23, Revyakin was in charge of the defense of Solnechnogorsk, however, as a result of a sudden attack, the city was quickly captured by the enemy. Revyakin arrived in the division only on December 1. Prior to this, all orders and opersvodki signed the beginning. Headquarters Colonel Serebryakov.
Tanks assigned to the division on 1GVTBR on November 20 by order of the commander 16A responded to the submission of the brigade commander Katukov. Meanwhile, the enemy’s VAK (106, 35 pd, 2td), having knocked down from the positions of unit 316 (8gv) sd on November 20, struck the right-flank 126sd and 20kd and occupied the Turyaev Sloboda for the cadets. The right flank of the division, covered by 20cd, was in jeopardy. On the morning of November 21, the commander received an order to transfer the division to the Ustinovo area (north. Novo-Petrovskoye). The Dovator’s Cavgroup operating here (50, 53 cd) suffered heavy losses by this time. In the cavalry regiments there were only a few dozen people. Parts of the 1st Guards, 23, 27, 28tbr covering this area lost almost all tanks in battles on November 16-21. Burning the abandoned settlements behind them, the columns of the division came to the appointed line, where they arrived at 16:00. Novo-Petrovskoye at that moment was already captured by the enemy.
By November 23, a group of 2td and 35pd Germans bypassed the Istra reservoir from the north. In the afternoon of November 23, tanks 2dd with a sudden attack broke into Solnechnogorsk. Units 8gvsd, 18sd, Dovator’s cavalry group and other units 16A that continued to defend in the west. On the shore of the reservoir in the Spas-Nudol area and in the Novo-Petrovsky area, they were deeply circumvented by the enemy, being threatened by the environment. On November 23, with an attack of tanks, the Germans threw back the units of the division and supported it 23tbr from Ustinkovo \u200b\u200bto Bodrovo and Nizh.Vasilyevskoye. Losses of the division amounted to 130 people. killed and missing and 200 wounded.
On November 24, in these conditions, the commander of 16A, Lieutenant General Rokossovsky, gives his famous order to withdraw army units to the border of Istra Vdhr. and R. Istra. The command 16A during this period on the right flank of the army, the main headache was the Solnechnogorsk breakthrough. The cavalry divisions of the cavalry group of Dovator have already moved east. shore of the reservoir. To help the cavalry, a 1077sp battalion with an 857ap battery was assigned. Having reinforced them with tanks, the cavalry group was supposed to be used for counterattack against the Germans who had captured Solnechnogorsk. 8gvsd was to firmly defend the east. shore of an artificial lake. After the regiments began to move to a new frontier, the German 11th and 5th TDs began to immediately pursue the outgoing units of the 8th Airborne Forces and the left-flank 18sd. At 15:30, German troops captured Yakunino, Sinevo, Torlonovo. In pursuit of the 1075sp retreating enemy from Torlonovo broke through to the dam of the reservoir, defended 23tbr. Due to unauthorized, unorganized withdrawal, the regiment commander Colonel Kaprov was removed from his post. The new 1075sp commander was Major Starikov. 1077sp moved east. coast sowing. dams in the Gorki area. On the morning of November 25, the 3rd battalion 1077sp was ordered to advance to the Friday area and take up defense in the narrowest place in the north. parts vdhr. However, when approaching Friday, it turned out that the village was already occupied by the enemy. The battalion was dispersed by machine-gun fire. 1073sp moved into the center of the reservoir in the Lopotovo area. But on the shoulders of our troops, German troops also crossed the lake and captured Lopotovo late in the evening. Our troops blew up the floodgates and the water level in the reservoir fell. However, even such obstacles did not stop the advance of the enemy against the strongly weakened parts of the division. On November 26, the Germans crossed the reservoir and in the southern part they knocked out 1073sp from Trusovo, and in the evening from Sokolovo, Povadino. 1075sp with 23tbr could not keep the Germans in the dam area. To ref. day the regiment moved to the area of \u200b\u200bOgnikovo, which is 5 km east. reservoirs. Even further south in the 18th section, German troops managed to take possession of the intact bridge over Istra near Buzharovo. Thus, the strong defensive line, on which the 16A command had hoped so, was immediately broken by the enemy in one day. Since our troops did not occupy preliminary positions in the east. the bank of Istra and the reservoir, it was very difficult to occupy them in conditions of withdrawal and pursuit by enemy motorized formations.
However, resolutely attack from the busy east. nevertheless, the Germans did not succeed on the bank of the bridgehead. 1077sp continued to hold Ognikovo and repelled all enemy attacks from the dam from Rakovo. The enemy’s attacks on November 27 were repelled by units of 8gvsd. The enemy’s breakthrough to the south of the dam in the Buzharovo area in the 18sd section was a much greater threat. An incoming marching battalion was immediately sent here, which attacked Novo-Sergovo. On November 28, German troops drove out parts of the division from Ognikovo, Novo-Sergovo developing an offensive on Lytkino. On November 28, German aviation bombed Maryino 4 times, where the division headquarters were located. On November 29, the defense of the division was again broken through. Unable to withstand the enemy’s blow and losing control, the division began to retreat east. The departure of the division opened the flanks of 2GvKK (the former Dovator group) and 18sd, which were also forced to move east.
By the end of November 29, units of the 8th Main Directorate of Internal Affairs had retreated to their last line of defense in the Moscow area and probably the second most famous after Volokolamsk in the area of \u200b\u200bKryukovo. From December 1, the division was tasked with returning Alabushevo (north. Kryukovo). 1077sp with the support of 10 tanks 1gvtbr attacked on Alabushevo, and two other regiments held the defense on the outskirts of Kryukovo. In general, the 1077sp attack was unsuccessful. The artillery was late in readiness, Katukov tanks did not arrive at the beginning of the attack. The attack was repelled. Our losses amounted to 2 killed, 8 wounded, 1 tank. The enemy, meanwhile, on December 1, knocked out 1075sp occupying Alexandrovka (north. Kryukovo by train). On December 2, from the direction of Aleksandrovka and Andreevka, a new attack of tanks and motorized infantry of the enemy took place. Under the attack of enemy tanks, 1075sp was forced to leave Kryukovo and move east. 1073sp together with 44cd in the area of \u200b\u200bKamenka (south Kryukovo) kept its position. December 3, 1075sp with the support of 4 tanks launched an attack on Kryukovo. Regiment units managed to gain a foothold in the West. okr. Kryukovo. On December 5, 1073sp along with units of 44kd (from the south) and 159sp (from 7gvsd) attacked in the direction of Kryukovo station. After a hard battle with heavy losses of our attacking units, we managed to drive the Germans out of Art. Kryukovo. The regiment before the attack totaled 350 people. Losses during the attack amounted to 30 killed and 60 wounded. The commander of the regiment of Art. Lieutenant Momysh-Ula.
On December 7, a decisive assault on Kryukovo took place. The attack involved 8gvsd, 1gvtbr, 44kd and fresh 17sbr. Waging a stubborn battle, moving from house to house, the fighters cleared Kryukovo from the enemy. 1077sp bypassed Kryukovo from the north. By the end of the day on December 8, Kryukovo and Kamenka were completely in our hands. As trophies 25 tanks, 2 tractors, 3 armored vehicles, 3 motorcycles, 36 cars, 5 guns and many other military equipment of the enemy were captured. Losses of only 1073 and 1077sp amounted to 47 killed and 87 wounded. Attempts to immediately develop an offensive on December 9 west of Kryukovo were unsuccessful. Attacks on Andreevka were repulsed. On December 10, German troops began to move west to the border of Istra. But 8gvsd did not immediately connect to the persecution, remaining in the Kryukovo area to bring itself to the lock. Tankers 1gvtbr, 145tbr, 17sbr and 44kd went forward.
On December 12, the division advanced towards Istra, where units 16A went. During the march on mines, 20 people were blown up. from zenad. On December 15, it was withdrawn to the Headquarters reserve in the Nakhabino area by joining the 2GvSK.
From January 19 to February 2, it is relocated to the NWF. February 3 goes on the offensive, breaking through the enemy’s defenses in the area of \u200b\u200bStaraya Russa. After passing 200km in the rear of the enemy, it is connected with units of the Kalinin Front.
In January 42g. to replenish the division, all personnel (more than 1700 people) were being formed, forming 100sbr in Alma-Ata. Prior to being sent to the front in August 42. from the composition of this brigade went several more combined battalions to replenish the division of fellow countrymen.
Losses of the division in battles on the Western Front: irrevocable 3630 people., Wounded 6300 people. On the North-Western Front (at the time of writing the report - August 42): 4132 irrevocable people, 9615 people wounded and sick ..
Last offensive 1945.
By the beginning of 1945, the entire territory of the USSR, except the Courland (Kurzeme) peninsula, was liberated from German occupiers. There was blocked from land the so-called. Kurland group - the German Army Group North (two armies - the 18th and 16th) consisting of more than 30 divisions. Several offensives undertaken since October 44 to March 45g. serious results were not given. Neither took Libau nor defeated the entire bridgehead. 10GvA which included 8gvsd in mid-March was withdrawn to the reserve for rest for the upcoming new offensive. Back in February, the division received replenishment of personnel and within 1.5 months was preparing for the offensive
On the morning of March 17, the weather was bad. There was a thick fog, forcing to postpone the start of the attack at 10.00, then at 12.00. By noon, the fog had cleared somewhat, but it began to snow wet. Visibility has even worsened. Aviation could not operate at all. For March 17, managed to overcome the tactical defense of the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bKauni, Dangas. Only the 85th Guards Rifle Division lagged behind its left neighbor. At the junction of the 7th and 8th Guards Rifle Divisions, the positions of one German infantry battalion remained untouched. The corps commander did not immediately recognize the danger that was brewing here and, until the evening of March 18, essentially took no radical measures.
I did not see anything threatening in the presence of the formed ledge and the army headquarters. A decision was made by the commander of the 29th Guards Rifle Division, Colonel V. M. Lazarev, and the commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Division, Colonel G. I. Lomov, to advance without looking back at their neighbors. It seemed that as a result of the success of these divisions, the enemy would not be able to stay long at their junction in the areas of Zeni, Danzinas, Sutuli, Mazkalki. In the darkness, the 29th division, with the tank regiment attached to it, marched another six to eight kilometers, reaching the areas of Lazdukamni, Aizunin, Dzervmes. And the 8th Guards went to Danchi, Bites. However, at night, the situation worsened. From the Saldus region, the Nazis counterattacked the right flank of the 15th Guards Rifle Corps and entered the rear of the 29th Guards Rifle Division, which continued to advance north. Several battalions of German infantry, reinforced with six-barreled mortars and approximately 60 tanks, occupied the forest area of \u200b\u200bYanayshi - Dembin. At the same time, the enemy infantry with 30–40 tanks fettered the operations of the 85th division and further increased its separation from the 29th. The situation in the band of the 8th Guards Division also worsened: to the west of Kaupini, Ziemiyali, and Danzinyas the enemy managed to cut through the battle formations of the Panfilov’s. The 30th Guards Rifle Division was tight, which the corps commander intended to use to develop success at the junction of the 85th and 29th divisions. The Nazis counterattacked it with large forces since the evening of March 17 and upset the pre-battle orders of the units. The division accepted the battle already in the dark, moreover, in a completely obscure environment.
In the strip of the 7th Guards Rifle Corps, the Germans counterattacked from the west and east by three infantry divisions. As a result, by the morning of March 18, the main forces of the 8th division were cut off. Nevertheless, there was still faith in the successful development of the operation. The troops have not yet been tired, from ammunition they used up no more than 0.8 ammunition. However, Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov assessed the situation differently. On March 18, at 11.00, he himself arrived at the command post of the 10th Guards Army. This was unusual in his practice. As a rule, Leonid Alexandrovich led the troops through the front headquarters. Govorov resorted to personal telephone conversations with commanders, and even more so to a personal meeting, only in exceptional cases.
Govorov began to carefully examine the card lying on the table. His gaze lingered a little longer on two dents in the enemy’s defense made by the 29th and 8th divisions. Marshall asked for clarification of what prevented the advance of the 30th Guards Rifle Division on the 29th line and why it was not possible to timely eliminate the ledge at the junction of the 7th and 8th divisions.
- What do you think to do next? Govorov asked. - Are you going to continue the offensive? If so, what help would you like to receive from the front commander? I spoke in favor of continuing the offensive and asked only to add ammunition to us. The commander listened to me silently, never interrupted, did not ask a single additional question, and suddenly announced his decision, which I did not expect: “You can’t proceed like that.” It was necessary from the very beginning to evenly advance the battle formations of the corps and divisions. The army will not receive ammunition, except for those that have already been released. They are not in the warehouses of the front. Therefore, you should now take care of the withdrawal from the environment of the twenty-ninth and eighth divisions. Only after that it will be possible to think about the continuation of the offensive ...
Was the commander's only reason for stopping the offensive that the uniform advance of the entire shock group of the army did not work out? Unlikely. Uniform advance of troops during the breakthrough of enemy defense in general, as a rule, does not happen. The 29th and 8th divisions, which advanced ahead, were not in such a plight. The forces of the Nazis here are generally small, and the army still has a whole guard corps in reserve. The reason that prompted the front commander to interrupt the operation was, apparently, in another - he proceeded from the situation in the front line as a whole.
The chief of staff of the army, General N.P. Sidelnikov, passed the corresponding orders to the commanders of the 15th and 7th corps. In the 7th Corps, the need to withdraw the 8th Guards was taken with full understanding. The 29th division for two nights quite easily passed through the battle formations of the Nazis. Rescuing the 29th, they completely focused on the 8th Guards. By order of the corps commander, two of her regiments (19th and 30th) were organized away from Danchi, Bites south of Kaupini. At the same time, the 23rd regiment, in cooperation with the 26th regiment of the 7th Guards Division, cut off the enemy ledge in the area of \u200b\u200bZeni, Lapas. But it was not yet possible to completely eliminate the jumper that separated the main forces of the Panfilov’s from the rear. All forest roads and clearings along which material support was provided for were shot. Only at night did the soldiers manage to carry a small amount of ammunition, crackers, sugar, and canned food on themselves.
The crisis was ripe by March 25, when the enemy began to squeeze the ring around 8gv SD in parts of three divisions. The enemy’s units 263 and 290, supported by tanks, attacked from the east, north and west, trying to cut off parts of the division from the rest of the 7GvSK forces. The rifle units of the division suffered heavy losses, especially those covering the flanks of the division that suffered particularly heavy losses. By the outcome of March 26, the enemy managed to cut off the division and joint venture of the 47th SD from the main forces of the army. Attempts to restore communications of the division by forces of 7GvSK undertaken on March 27 did not yield results, and the breakthrough of the surrounded parts of the division in the south-west did not succeed either. The enemy continued to attack the surrounded parts of the division, trying to cut off the regiments from each other and destroy them in parts. Realizing that with the available forces it would not be able to connect to the surrounded parts, the reserve 22gv sd was transferred to the area of \u200b\u200bthe obd. Morning attack March 28, 1945 parts of the 7th Guards Division and 22th Guards Division in the north-west direction and the surrounded parts towards them, the ring was broken and parts of the 8th Guards Division went out of the environment. ( there is evidence that no more than 300 people from the 8gvsd came out of the environment, but nothing like that was written in the 8gvsd and 2PribF documents. Probably after such losses the division would not be withdrawn to the second echelon but to reorganize ...).
After leaving the encirclement, units of the division were withdrawn to the second echelon of the army, where, after putting themselves in order, they were engaged in combat training in preparation for new battles. On March 31, the 2nd Baltic Front was liquidated and units were transferred to the Leningrad Front. at 14:00 on May 8, the Kurland group of Germans capitulated. On May 9, 1945, being in the second echelon of the Leningrad Front, they received news of the surrender of Germany and the end of the war.
Commanders:
- Panfilov Ivan Vasilievich (11/18/1941 - 11/18/1941), Major General
- Revyakin Vasily Andreevich (11/01/1941 - 01/18/1942), Major General
- Chistyakov Ivan Mikhailovich (01/18/1942 - 05/23/1942), Major General
- Serebryakov Ivan Ivanovich (05/01/1942 - 10/31/1942), Colonel
- Chernyugov Spiridon Sergeevich (10/01/1942 - 02/29/1944), Major General
- Dulov Dmitry Arsentyevich (03/01/1944 - 05/31/1944), Colonel
- Sedunin Ernest Isakovich (05/01/1944 - 06/30/1944), Major General 22A, NWF
8th Guards Rifle Order of the Order of Lenin; Red Banner Order of Suvorov; Division named after Major General I.V. Panfilova.
It was created on November 18, 1941 by converting the 316th Infantry Red Banner Division (I f) into a guards unit.
The 316th Infantry Red Banner Division (I f) in the army twice:
- from August 25 to October 5, 1941;
- from October 14 to November 18, 1941.
On November 18, 1941, for military prowess, it was transformed into a guards unit — the 8th Guards Rifle Red Banner (later, in addition, the Rezhitskaya Orders of Lenin and Suvorov named after Major General I.V. Panfilov) division.
By the Decree of the GKO on November 23, 1941, the 8th Guards Rifle Red Banner Division was named after Major General Panfilov.
From the 2005 List: "Dr. there was no decision to rename the division. Therefore, the subsequent names of the 8th Guards. sd with the name of the Hero of Owls. The Panfilov Union, even if they were used in decrees of the PVS of the USSR and the orders of the Supreme High Command, is evidence of inaccurate execution of the decision of the highest state. body during the period. Father war. "
8th Guards Rifle Order of the Order of Lenin; Red Banner Order of Suvorov; Division named after Major General I.V. Panfilov in the army twice:
- from November 18 to December 15, 1941;
- from January 30, 1942 to May 9, 1945 ...
12.07.1941 - 1991
On July 12, 1941, by order of the command of the Central Asian Military District, the 316th Infantry Division was formed in Alma-Ata.
In August 1941, it was included in the 52nd Army of the North-Western Front. On August 27, the regiments of the division were unloaded at Borovichi station in the Novgorod region. On September 8, the division, having crossed the Ust-Volma river, arrived in Kresttsy, where it took up positions in the second echelon of the army in preparation for hostilities.
In early October, by order of the Headquarters of the High Command, the division was urgently transferred to the Western Front as part of the 16th Army, to the Volokolamsk direction, and received a fairly wide defense zone of 41 kilometers.
During the Moscow battle, it stopped the advance of the advanced units of the German Army Group Center on Moscow in October and November 1941. Known for the feat of 28 Panfilov heroes from the personnel of the 4th Infantry Company of the 2nd Infantry Battalion of the 1075th Infantry Regiment, on November 16 in the region dubosekovo and battles from November 30 to December 8 in the area villages of Kryukovo. In the days of the heroic defense of the capital of the division, it was named after its commander, Major General I.V. Panfilov, who died in battle, guskovo village Volokolamsk district.
On November 17, 1941, the 316th Infantry Division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and on November 18, 1941, by Order of the People’s Commissar of Defense No. 339, it was transformed into the 8th Guards Rifle Division. On November 23, by resolution of the State Defense Committee No. 950, for the successful actions during the battles, the division received the honorary name "Panfilov".
On January 19, 1942, the division, on the instructions of the Supreme High Command Headquarters, was transferred by rail to Bologoye Station, where it became part of the 2nd Guards Rifle Corps of the 3rd Shock Army of the Kalinin Front.
On March 16, 1942, by Decree of the Government for the exemplary performance of combat missions at the front of the struggle against Hitler’s invaders and the valor and courage shown at the same time, the 8th Guards Red Banner Division named after I.V. Panfilova awarded the Order of Lenin.
In early February 1942, the division went on the offensive along the Bolshak Staraya Russa - Hill in the area Sokolovo - Trokhovo. February 14, enemy encirclement in the area Ramushevo - Demyansk. From June 10 to 17, the departure of the division for defense for river Lovat, on its east coast. From February 25 to February 28, 1943, battles to break through the enemy’s defense in the area Novyechki-Chikunovo.
Since May 1943, the division was part of the 22nd Army of the North-Western Front. From October 13 to 17, the division made a march, breaking a distance of 260 kilometers to the city area Great Luke. Since November 6, has been actively defending in the area Novosokolniki.
January 8, 1944 surrender of defense in the area Novosokolniki other parts and the entry into the 97th Rifle Corps of the 2nd Baltic Front. From January 8 to 10, a march from the area Novosokolniki to the area of \u200b\u200bpoints Horovatka, Lopatniki, New Plant. From February 2 to 5 offensive battles in the area of \u200b\u200bpoints Surino, Domankino, Pig, Slobodka, Ivantsovo, height 165.6. From February 24 to March 7, pursuit with fights of the retreating enemy in the direction of points Galtsevo, Maksimikha, Zakharino, Aksenovo. Fighting for the village Andryushino and her release. March to the area Lopanevo, Heat, Sunset, Byshevo, Korostovets, Yurentsovo.
On March 7, 1944, the division was part of the 44th Rifle Corps. March 12-15, the march to the area Kadkino, Bolshoy Eliseevo, Semenkino, Glukhovo. From March 26 to April 13, the division conducts battles on the bridgehead for the great river near Pushkin mountains. From April 13 to April 25 the march of the division into the area Maslovo, Veche, Body; march to the area New, Bondari; march to the area privetskoye Lake, Privetok, Lopanevo.
On April 20, 1944, the division became part of the 7th Guards Rifle Corps of the 10th Guards Army of the 2nd Baltic Front. May 2 march to the area Vaskovo, Varenkino, Lake Zagornoe, Gorkovets. From July 8 to 9, a march to the area Afanaskevichi, Gorka, Vereye. July 10th breakthrough of enemy defenses in the area Sinyuhovo. July 13 forcing great River near Pyskovo.
July 16 began the liberation of the Latvian SSR. From July 17 to July 22, fighting on the outskirts of the city Ludza. July 23 liberation of the city Rezekne (Rezitsa) and Order of the Supreme Commander with the announcement of gratitude for the liberation of the city. August 3 release M. Varna. August 5 forcing iviekste River near Stalizens. From August 6-14, fights on the outskirts of the city Madonna.
August 8, 1944 by order of the Supreme Commander of the 8th Guards Rifle Red Banner Order of Lenin Division named after I.V. Panfilov was awarded the honorary name "Rezhitskaya".
September 21, 1944 forcing ogre River near Yansemi. From September 28 to October 1, fierce fighting in the area Thibores, Leyasglazpisk, Auvukregs. From October 4 to 5, a march to the area Zheybany, Salivas. October 8 city liberation Ogre. October 12 forcing the Tenawa River near Tsineshi.
Assisting the troops of the 10th Army, the division cut the railway to the north by October 14 balozhi station. After stubborn battles, the enemy was knocked out of the capital of Latvia - riga city.
November 3, 1944 the 8th Guards Rifle Regiment of the Red Banner Order of Lenin Division named after I.V. Panfilova, by Decree of the Government of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was awarded the Order of Suvorov of the 2nd degree for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command during the liberation of the Baltic states and the city of Riga.
From November 3 to 8, 1944, fighting in the area Yulishi, Terplini, Namdari, Pumpuri, Anites. From November 23 to December 2, fighting in the area Ratheniski. From December 23 to 25 battles in the area Brammani, Laugali. From December 26 to 30, fighting in the area Gergali, Yulishi.
From January to April 1945, the 8th Guards Rifle Division, as part of the 2nd Baltic Front, fought with the Kurland enemy group in the Libava - Saldus area.
From April 1945, as part of the Leningrad Front, on May 8, 1945, after stubborn fighting, the Hitlerites group, pressed against the Baltic Sea, surrendered.
In the post-war period, the 8th Panfilov Guards Division was stationed in Estonia (Klooga).
After the collapse of the USSR, it became part of the armed forces of Kyrgyzstan, since 2003 it has been disbanded, restored July 11, 2011 on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the division.
- x Aizupes 03/17/1945
- x Bites 03/19/1945
- x Waidelotes 03/18/1945
- x Dzintari 03/19/19/1945
- x Ziemeli 03/23/19/1945
- x Tylkas 03/19/06/04/1945
- x Lubeniyki 03/08/1945
- x Pudyki 02/26/10/03/1945
- x Street 01/29/24/02/1945
- x Lanieki 01.03.1945
- x Malukaln 24.12.1944
- x Mezhvidi 20-25.11.1944
- x Hourly 22-27.11.1944
- x Yumpravieshi 03-27.01.1945
- x Ilzites 25-30.08.1944
- x Itary 25.08.1944
- ms. Lubeya 25.08.1944
- x Jaunamuiza 26.08.1944
- x Vevery 23-25.08.1944
- x Viduchi 02.08.1944
WARS OF DIVISION
Total: 861
Officers
