What is the true beauty of war and peace. Composition: The problem of the true and false beauty of man. True and False Heroism in War and Peace
"Teacher “This is a person who studies all his life.” Therefore, an important criterion for the success of a teacher’s work is his self-education, the goal of which is to master the teachers with various new teaching methods and forms.
Using ICT lessons in literature and the Russian language, based on the use of a computer, allows you to activate the cognitive interests of students, monitor the activities of everyone, learn new material, consolidate, perform practical work, including different types of exercises, deepen knowledge, and control. Students work with enthusiasm at any stage of the lesson, and this maintains interest in the subject.
True and false beauty in the novel.
(The lesson is research in grade 10).
The purpose of the lesson: study of the position of the author, generalization of the studieddevelopment of student research and associative thinking.
Tasks:
Teaching: to explore the position of Leo Tolstoy in relation to the "true and false" beauty of man.
Developing: moral and emotional development of students, the development of the ability to argue, to defend their opinions.
Educating: the education of a sense of beauty on the example of the heroes of L. Tolstoy.
Equipment:
Board design.
On the left side:
Welcome - Everything is positive, good, useful.
Beauty - Everything is beautiful, beautiful, everything that gives aesthetic and moral pleasure.
True - 1. That which corresponds to reality is truth.
2. The order based on justice, honesty.
Simplicity - Good nature, simplicity.
Spirituality - The property of the soul, consisting in the predominance of spiritual, moral and intellectual interests over material ones.
On the right side:
Wealth - 1. The abundance of material values, money.
Well-being - 1. A calm and happy state.Family well-being
2. Life in contentment, complete security.Material well-being.
Career - 1. The path to success, a prominent position in society, in the career field, as well as the achievement of such a field.
Texts of the novel (Volume 4, Epilogue, vol.II).
On the teacher's desk:
· a nondescript plant with a beautiful flower;
· unblown branch;
· crystal vase
· candle
During the classes:
1. A musical screensaver.
An old waltz sounds. (Against the background of music )
Teacher's word : Guys, you, of course, know the heroes of Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. Now look at the illustrations, read the phrases, remember and name their names.
Student Answers.
Thanks, let's continue the lesson.
2. Announcement of the topic and purpose of the lesson.
The word of the teacher. The theme of our lesson is “True and false beauty in a novel.”The purpose of the lesson: to investigate the position of the author of the novel and answer the question, "what beauty the author considered true and which false."
3. Issues for discussion:
– Do you agree with the point of view of Leo Tolstoy that there is no beauty where there is no simplicity, kindness and truth?
4. Vocabulary work (emancipation, sixties ) Updating students' knowledge.
5. Independent work.
The word of the teacher. The main compositional technique used by Tolstoy in the novel is the antithesis. The writer turns to opposition in order to emphasize positive and negative phenomena, images, true and false beauty. Who is opposed to military drones in the novel? Ordinary soldiers, the humble captain Tushin, who are led not by personal, selfish, but folk, liberation motives. In other words, true beauty is opposed to false beauty. Given this point of view, fill out the table.
Filling in the comparative table “True and false beauty in the understanding of Leo Tolstoy”
6. Analytical discussion on the results of independent work.– What are the images opposed to the beloved heroes of Tolstoy.
– Why are the heroes shining with external beauty, however, for Tolstoy not internally beautiful?
– Whose point of view does Tolstoy argue in the novel?
– What unites representatives of secular society?
– How does Tolstoy understand true beauty?
Student Answers.
– The external beauty of such characters as Helen, Anatole, Vera, Berg covers an empty and cold heart, mercantile interests, naked calculation.
– Leo Tolstoy argues in the novel with the position of a secular society that has a false idea of \u200b\u200bbeauty.
– Representatives of secular society are united by what they see in people, first of all, the contents of the wallet, the possibility of patronage. They are united by falsehood, lack of spirituality, vulgarity and immorality.
– The writer saw beauty in human relationships, in behavior, in the thoughts and feelings of a person, in nature and in art. Such images are united by moral purity, naturalness, selflessness, love, generosity, faith.
The word of the teacher. Let us summarize all that has been said (students draw conclusions based on the results of independent work). Who is the bearer of true beauty in the novel for a Russian writer? You probably guessed that this is a female image. And which one? I suggest you answer this question using associative thinking. For this, we use the following items: flower, vase, twig, candle.
7. Discussion .
Teacher's word . You must give your answer by presenting arguments from the text, showing the position of the author, and draw a conclusion on your answer.
So,how does this nondescript houseplant associate with a blossoming beautiful flower? You can make a symbolic drawing in a notebook and correlate with the heroes of the novel.
Pupil (TSA).
This inconspicuous plant with a beautiful flower is associated with my image of Princess Mary. She has an ugly, painful body, heavy steps, an ugly face. But Marya Bolkonskaya has large, radiant, beautiful eyes - a mirror of the soul. She thought she was too ugly to dream of happiness. Tolstoy wrote that her face was transformed when she thought about others or cried. And after meeting with Nikolai Rostov, Princess Mary became completely different. Her chest voice, grace and femininity appeared. All this, in my opinion, became attractive to Rostov, and he fell in love with her. For Tolstoy she is beautiful, because she has a beautiful soul.
Student (ts). This vase reminds me of the image of Helene. The vase is very beautiful, but cold, empty. And Helen Kuragin shines in society with external beauty, but internally it is completely empty. Tolstoy emphasizes her beautiful shoulders, arms, chest, but on her as if varnish from all eyes. Helene married Pierre, and then she chose her husbands. She has a beautiful smile, but this is a smile on duty, she hides immorality and vulgarity, self-interest and selfishness are the main signs of representatives of secular society. I agree with the position of Tolstoy. This is a “false” beauty.
The word of the teacher. (The teacher lights a candle). Which of the characters in the novel do you associate with a lit candle?
The student. This candle reminds me of Natasha Rostov. She also gives herself to people without a trace. Natasha cannot live without love. “The essence of her life is love,” Tolstoy said. Love for loved ones, beloved, homeland ... She loves to dance, she admires the beauty of the night in Otradnoye, but at the same time makes mistakes and suffers because of them. But in general, this is a changing image for the better. She knows how to do good, she is pure, lively, sincere, and she can not help but love. It is light from those around it, like from a lighted candle.
The student. The unblown branch reminds me of the image of Petya Rostov, who, as a very young man, went to war and died.
The student. Bolkonsky - bright and "burning" like a flame, he died very young, as this unburned candle went out.
The student. A nondescript plant with a beautiful flower is associated with Natasha.
Student . The candle is Pierre Bezukhov. He illuminates everyone with his kindness and love. But he hesitates in his thoughts, like a flame hesitates in the wind.
8. Analytical conversation (in the image of Natasha).
The word of the teacher. Remember, at what moments Tolstoy describes her ugly, even evil in appearance?
Student Answers.
– On name days: "an ugly, but living girl."
– “Having opened her big mouth ... roared” out of compassion for Sonya.
– During the evacuation from Moscow, when she ran into her parents, having learned that they did not want to give the wounded men her supplies, her face was ugly.
– At the bedside of wounded Prince Andrei, Natasha’s face was “scared”.
The word of the teacher. At what moments is she beautiful, does everyone admire her?
Student Answers.
– At her first ball, she shone with happiness.
– Near Prince Andrei (before their engagement).
– At the play, where everyone noticed her, including Anatole.
Teacher. So, we have investigated the position of the author of the novel "War and Peace." So whose beauty is true? Who is the bearer of this beauty?
– Natasha Rostova.
(A waltz sounds from Sergei Prokofiev’s opera War and Peace.)
9. Work with text.
The word of the teacher. Nalong with the images of Andrei Bolkonsky, Pierre Bezukhov, Princess Marya, this is the favorite image of Leo Tolstoy, but still the image of Natasha is an ideal, of true beauty. And our lesson would be incomplete without telling about it in the epilogue of the novel. Even during the life of Tolstoy, Natasha in the epilogue has withstood much criticism. Refer to the text, find the lines showing Natasha after marriage (Epilogue, Part 1, Chapter X).
"... in 1820 she already had three daughters and one son ... She grew stout and expanded."
“Now her face and body were often visible, but her soul was not visible at all. One strong, beautiful and prolific female was visible. ”
The word of the teacher. What did she look like now?
– Natasha sank down, abandoned secular society, she “did not care about either her manners or the delicacy of speeches,” forgot about curls and a suit ...
The word of the teacher. Why? What has become the main thing in her life now?
– “The subject that Natasha was completely immersed in was a family, that is, a husband ... and children who needed to be carried, given birth, fed, and raised.”
The word of the teacher. What was her relationship with her husband?
– "Natasha was jealous of Pierre for Sonya, the governess, for any beautiful and ugly woman."
– "Natasha in her house put herself on the foot of her husband’s slaves ... As soon as he expressed his desire, Natasha jumped up and ran to fulfill him."
The word of the teacher. This appears to us in the epilogue Natasha. What do you not accept in the image of married Natasha?
– Untidiness, jealousy, thoughts only about her husband and children, no hobbies, rejection of the light.
The word of the teacher. Guys, now you have confirmed the point of view that has existed in literary criticism for more than 140 years. But would we believe Tolstoy if he painted the old Natasha in the epilogue — the mother of four children, fluttering at balls, dreaming of being invited to dance? Of course not. Could there be a different mother, spending nights without sleep at the bedside of a sick child, absorbed in worries about a large family, alarmed by the long absence of her husband? So, in the epilogue Natasha is what Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy wanted to see a woman, this change is a logical continuation of her character. It was in the family that her real beauty was manifested, it was in the family that she found the real happiness that everyone dreams of. And how do you feel about the expression "prolific female"?
Student Answers.
The writer said this with irony. To whom did Tolstoy say so? Maybe he was arguing with someone, portraying Natasha in such a marriage?
10. Dictionary work.
Student message. In the 60s of the XIX century in Russiathere was a movement of emancipation of women. They were called the "sixties." They fought for the rights of women to be on a par with men, for self-denial of women's duties. This was even reflected in women's fashion: emancipated women refused corsets, first put on trousers, which was extremely outrageous at that time. The image of Natasha Rostova, both controversial and integral, reflects Tolstoy’s attitude towards family and motherhood. The Russian writer believed that for a woman there should be a higher calling and purpose - motherhood. Therefore, Natasha in the epilogue, replenished and widened, is Tolstoy's ideal. Perhaps in this way Lev Nikolayevich argued over the sixties, who wanted to equalize the rights of women with men.
10. The final word of the teacher. So, starting from the first pages and ending with the epilogue, Tolstoy brings us to his understanding of the destiny of man, his true beauty. And such an ideal for Tolstoy was Natasha Rostova. And if the writer embodied his original intention - to write about the returning Decembrist, we have no doubt that Pierre would go to Senate Square in 1825. And also we have no doubt that Natasha, of course, would go after him to Siberia. In this image one of the main ideas of the novel sounds: beauty and happiness where there is simplicity, goodness and truth.
Which of the heroes of the Tolstoy novel, in your opinion, is approaching the ideal?
FINAL TEST
14. Marks .
Composition by text: “I saw this on a suburban dance floor. Cheerful, hunchbacked, flexible, with a purple tint of black eyes, he invited her to dance ... ”Bondarev Yu. V.
The problem of the true and false beauty of man is raised by the writer J. Yu. Bondarev.
An incident that happened many years ago on a suburban dance floor shocked the author and struck him in memory, as the words DO NOT FORGET and the detailed narrative itself testifies to. A young man with a bright, attractive appearance decided to ridicule the girl by inviting her to a dance. He pretended to be a city gentleman, feeling his own superiority against a timid, inept, ugly partner. The girl, of course, “understood ... all his inexcusable baseness” and accepted this challenge. So a miracle happened in front of everyone: a narcissistic, arrogant, cheerful handsome man faded, “changed his face”, trying to hide his embarrassment. And the awkward little girl suddenly transformed into a beauty full of dignity and inner strength.
The problem of true and false beauty is examined in detail and deeply in Leo Tolstoy’s novel War and Peace. So, the soulless, thoroughly “bodily” Helen Kuragin is contrasted with the spiritualized, charming Natasha Rostova. Helene is selfish, mercantile, and therefore she, according to the writer, is ugly. But Natasha makes truly beautiful intense internal work, naturalness, sincerity, talent to love.
In my opinion, the beauty of the soul illuminates a person’s face especially brightly at a venerable age (it is more noticeable in contrast to wrinkles). I remember Matryona - the main character of the story by A. I. Solzhenitsyn “Matryonin Dvor”. Indeed, a warm, pacifying light comes from this Russian woman, with her humility, wisdom and love of the world.
Summarizing what has been said, it can be noted that the main distinguishing criterion for the truth of a person’s beauty is the perfection and impeccability of his moral character.
Looked here:
- i saw it on a suburban dance floor
- i saw it on a suburban dance floor composing ege
- true beauty problem
True and False Beauty in LN Tolstoy's novel War and Peace.
Beauty ... What does it happen? External and internal. External beauty is
attractive face, slim figure and graceful manners. Inner beauty-
it’s spiritual beauty, and spiritual beauty is, first of all, humanity,
high morality, sincerity, sincerity, desire to understand others
people and help them. It often happens that in one person the external and
inner beauty does not merge into a single whole. That's why people
to err and take external beauty for internal. No wonder
they say: “They meet on clothes ...”. Understanding the nature of a person is very difficult.
That is why there is true and false beauty. The word true
formed from the noun truth, that is, what is accepted by all.
True beauty is inner beauty. But what is false beauty? it
appearance, which is so often deceiving.
True and false ... These concepts throughout the novel are epic
Leo Tolstoy's “War and Peace” are closely intertwined with each other. I think that
in the novel, true and false beauty are most fully revealed in the images of Helene
Kuraginoy and Natasha Rostova.
For the first time we meet Helen Kuragina at the evening at Anna Pavlovna
Scherer. Helene is so good that there is no person who would not admire this
beauty: “Slightly rustling with his white ball gown, trimmed with ivy and moss,
and shining with the whiteness of her shoulders, the gloss of her hair and diamonds, she walked between
parted by men and directly, not looking at anyone, but smiling to everyone and
as if kindly granting everyone the right to admire the beauty of their camp,
full shoulders, very open, according to the then fashion, chest and back ... ". Yes Helen
undeniably beautiful. The only thing that worries in Helen is her
smile. In fact, behind this smile-mask lies indifference to people,
empty Soul. Helene is a mature man, a statue that does not change
and it will be the same in 20 and 40 years. And who is Natasha? Natasha -
this is a child. She is a living girl with her strengths and weaknesses.
Natasha lives an eventful life, rejoices and grieves, laughs and cries. A
Helene does not live, but exists. Helen needs marriage only for one thing: for
the money she needs to exist: balls, theaters, guests and
numerous lovers. Throughout the novel, Helene never showed
normal feelings: not scared, not happy for someone, no one
regretted. But what about Natasha? Natasha has a very eventful life and I don’t think
that is bad. Yes, maybe she did a little bad when not
i could survive a year without Andrei and fell in love with Anatoly, but on the other
on the part of Andrei, it was also not good to leave her alone for the whole
year. At first, Natasha did not understand at all that Anatoly Kuragin had originally
there were no serious intentions about her. Natasha is a man, he is
“Loves” people, remember the scene when she takes things off the cart because
the wounded, whom he does not want to leave. Would Helene ever do that? I
i think that she would never have done so, she would not even have such thoughts
was to help people. What is the secret of Natasha’s charming charm? I think that
in sincerity, because the essence of Natasha’s nature is love, and these concepts
inseparable. It is Natasha who is able to support her mother, distraught from grief
after the death of Petit. After marriage, the only meaning of life for Natasha
becomes a family. From Natasha comes the energy of liberation from everything
false, false. Fake secular society is alien to Natasha (after
marriage, she almost ceases to be in the light). Only through love for
Natasha finally finds peace for Pierre and family acquisition. Tolstoy
emphasizes that happiness is not given by nature, it must be earned
spiritual work, which is so appreciated in people. That's why happiness
natasha deserved, and the beautiful beauty Helen never knew happiness,
because happiness, true beauty and love are three inseparable things.
An example of the implementation of task 17.3 on the exam in the literature with examples and citations from the text.
It is widely known that Leo Tolstoy was favorably received at court and for some time spun in selected circles. However, with age, the writer began to realize how much lies and falsity had accumulated in this high society, how feignedly people behaved towards each other, how dishonor covered himself with a veil of aristocratic origin. Gradually, he left the world and began to search for truth among ordinary peasants and artisans, with whom he communicated and discovered many simple, but at the same time, new and surprising things. That is why in his book War and Peace, the author raises the theme of the truth and falsity of our values, concepts and principles.
Absolutely all the components in the novel, starting with the name and ending with ideas, are built on contrasts: Kutuzov and Napoleon, military battles and peaceful scenes, sincere heroes and liars. Contrasting one with another, Tolstoy makes it clear that there is true and false in beauty, patriotism and love. Each person must determine this for himself in order to better understand the world, people and, of course, himself.
True and false patriotism in the novel War and Peace
In the novel "War and Peace" there are real and false, fermented patriots. For example, many nobles stopped speaking French and dressed in sundresses and caftans when the war of 1812 began. Prince Rostopchin, the governor general of Moscow, exuded from himself tasteless, fake, cheers-patriotic appeals, and this instead of really helping and supporting the frightened, desperate people who left their native land.
True patriotism was shown by ordinary people who, although not rich, still burned their homes, things, arable land, just to leave nothing to the enemy, not to help his belongings and shelter get to Moscow. Left destitute, these unknown heroes walked into the forests and organized partisan detachments, and then dealt the French blows, risking their lives for the liberation of their homeland. At the same time, many nobles did not see the difference between the Russian tsar and the foreign invader: they put their personal interests above national ones. They calmly received the invaders and fawned before them in order to preserve their privileges.
True and False Heroism in War and Peace
Prince Andrei thinks about true and false heroism when he goes to war for the sake of glory. Under Shengraben, he takes part in the battle and sees the feat of the battery of the modest and awkward captain Tushin, the breakthrough of Captain Timokhin’s detachment, who fled the French, the daredevil Dolokhov, who heroically captivated the French officer. The hero cannot figure out which of them is a real hero, although the answer lies on the surface. For example, Dolokhov demanded a reward for his act, boasted to him at the construction site, and Tushin was almost deprived of command for his modesty, and would have been deprived if Bolkonsky had not stood up for him. Which of them is a hero? The mercenary Dolokhov or the unknown hero Tushin? How to decide, because both of them risked their lives for a common goal?
At the battle of Austerlitz, Andrei raises a soldier to a deadly bloody battle that could have been avoided. The hero, like Dolokhov, was flattered by the glory and did not count the head on which he went to her. No wonder Kutuzov taught him how to save his life, but Bolkonsky did not heed this advice. This is false heroism, as the prince was convinced from his own experience.
True and false beauty in the novel "War and Peace"
Tolstoy describes many ugly women, because his task is to portray the truth of life. For example, he writes about Natasha Rostova: “Ugly, thin ...”, does not forget to mention the ugly sprawling mouth of a crying girl, her angularity and imperfections on her face. About Princess Bolkonskaya he even expresses himself bluntly: "The ugly Princess Mary ...".
But the director of the salons and balls, Helen is a dazzling beauty. She is beautifully folded, her shoulders turned even the hottest heads.
However, the true beauty for Tolstov is not in appearance: “The ugly Princess Mary was always prettier when she cried, and she always cried not from resentment, but from sadness or pity.” The soul of this girl was beautiful and shone from the inside when she was given free rein. Natasha Rostova is also beautiful in her mercy and kindness. Also, her incomparable charm was manifested in creativity, because Natasha sang beautifully and danced talentedly.
Thus, true beauty is always expressed in naturalness, kindness, creativity, but not in appetizing forms, devoid of spiritual content. He who does not understand true beauty cannot find happiness and harmony in life, like Pierre Bezukhov, who was deceived in Helen.
The meaning of the novel "War and Peace" lies in the permanent movement to the truth, because only those heroes who were able to make this movement understood themselves and gained happiness.
Interesting? Save on your wall!Beauty ... What does it happen? External and internal. External beauty is an attractive face, a slim figure and graceful manners. Inner beauty is spiritual beauty, and spiritual beauty is, first of all, humanity, high morality, sincerity, sincerity, a desire to understand other people and help them. It often happens that in one person the external and internal beauty do not merge into a single whole. That is why people tend to make mistakes and take external beauty for internal. It is not without reason that they say: "They are met by clothes, but escorted by the mind." Understanding the nature of a person is very difficult. That is why there is true and false beauty. The word "true" is formed from the noun "truth", that is, that which is accepted by all. True beauty is inner beauty. But what is false beauty? This is an appearance that is so often deceiving.
True and false ... These concepts throughout the novel-epic of Leo Tolstoy's "War and Peace" are closely intertwined. I believe that in the novel, true and false beauty are most fully disclosed in the images of Helen Kuragina and Natasha Rostova.
For the first time we meet with Helen Kuraginoy at the evening at Anna Pavlovna Scherer. Helene is so good that there is no person who would not admire this beauty: "Slightly making noise with her white ball gown, cleaned with ivy and moss, and shining with the whiteness of her shoulders, the gloss of hair and diamonds, she walked between the parted men and straight, not looking at either whom, but smiling at everyone and kindly giving everyone the right to admire the beauty of his camp, full shoulders, very open, according to the then fashion, chest and back ... "Yes, Helen is undeniably beautiful. The only thing that worries in Helen is her smile. In fact, behind this smile-mask lies indifference to people, an empty soul.
Helene is a formed person, a statue that does not change and will be the same in 20 and 40 years. And who is Natasha? Natasha is a child. She is a living girl with her strengths and weaknesses. Natasha lives an eventful life, rejoices and grieves, laughs and cries. And Helen does not live, but exists. Helen needs marriage only for one thing: for the money that she needs to exist: balls, theaters, guests and numerous lovers. During the course of the novel, Helene never showed normal feelings: she was not afraid, was not happy for someone, and did not regret anyone. But what about Natasha? Natasha has a very eventful life, and I do not think this is bad. Yes, maybe she did a little bad when she could not endure a year without Andrei and fell in love with Anatoly, but, on the other hand, it was also not good for Andrei to leave her alone for a whole year. At first, Natasha did not understand at all that Anatoly Kuragin initially had no serious intentions about her.
Natasha is a man, she “loves” people, remember the scene when she takes things off the cart because of the wounded she does not want to leave. Would Helene ever do that? I think that she would never have done this, she would not even have such a thought, to help people. What is the secret of Natasha’s charming charm? I believe that in sincerity, because the essence of Natasha’s nature is love, and these concepts are inseparable. It is Natasha who is able to support her mother, distraught from grief after Petya's death. After marriage, the only meaning of life for Natasha becomes a family. From Natasha comes the energy of liberation from all that is false, false. Fake secular society is alien to Natasha (after marriage, she practically ceases to be in the world). Only through love for Pierre and the formation of her family, Natasha finally finds peace. Tolstoy emphasizes that happiness is not given by nature, it must be earned by the spiritual work that is so valued in people. That is why Natasha deserved happiness, and the beautiful beauty Helen never knew happiness, because happiness, true beauty and love are three inseparable things.
